Q 54. Space Technology

Q54. GPS-Aided Geo Augmented Navigation (GAGAN) uses a system of ground stations to provide necessary augmentation. Which of the following statements is/are correct in respect of GAGAN?

1. It is designed to provide additional accuracy and integrity.
2. It will allow more uniform and high-quality air traffic management.
3. It will provide benefits only in aviation but not in other modes of transportation.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

a) I, II and III
b) II and III only
c) I only
d) I and II only
Answer: d
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

1. Correct Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only.

2. Explanation of Statements:

 • Statement 1 is correct:  
 • GAGAN is designed to enhance the accuracy and integrity of GPS signals.
 • It provides corrections to the GPS signals, improving positional accuracy.
 • This augmentation is crucial for applications requiring high precision, such as aviation.
 • The system ensures that the GPS data is reliable and meets the stringent requirements of civil aviation.

 • Statement 2 is correct:  
 • GAGAN contributes to more uniform and high-quality air traffic management.
 • It allows for more precise navigation and landing, reducing the risk of errors.
 • The system supports seamless air traffic operations across regions covered by GAGAN.
 • It enhances safety and efficiency in airspace management by providing consistent navigation data.

 • Statement 3 is incorrect:  
 • While GAGAN is primarily designed for aviation, its benefits extend to other modes of transportation.
 • It can be used in maritime, railways, and road transport for improved navigation and safety.
 • The system's enhanced accuracy and integrity can support various applications beyond aviation.
 • GAGAN's capabilities can be leveraged for disaster management, surveying, and other sectors requiring precise positioning.
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Q 63. Space Technology

Q63. Consider the following space missions:

I. Axiom-4

II. SpaDeX

III. Gaganyaan

How many of the space missions given above encourage and support microgravity research?

a) Only one
b) Only two
c) All three
d) None
Answer: a
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

1. Correct Answer: All three missions (I, II, and III) encourage and support microgravity research.

2. Explanation of Statements:

 • Statement I: Axiom-4  
 • Correct: Axiom Space missions, including Axiom-4, are designed to facilitate commercial and scientific activities in space.
 • These missions often involve sending private astronauts to the International Space Station (ISS), where they conduct various experiments.
 • Microgravity research is a key component of these missions, as the ISS provides a unique environment for such studies.
 • Axiom missions aim to expand the commercial use of space, which includes supporting scientific research in microgravity.

 • Statement II: SpaDeX  
 • Correct: SpaDeX (Space Debris Experiment) is a mission that involves research related to space debris, but it also supports microgravity research.
 • The mission may include experiments that require a microgravity environment to test technologies or study phenomena related to space debris.
 • Microgravity conditions are essential for understanding the behavior of materials and technologies in space.
 • SpaDeX contributes to the broader field of space research, which often includes microgravity studies.

 • Statement III: Gaganyaan  
 • Correct: Gaganyaan is India's human spaceflight program, which aims to send Indian astronauts to space.
 • The mission includes objectives related to scientific research, including experiments in microgravity.
 • Microgravity research is a significant aspect of human spaceflight missions, as it helps in understanding the effects of space on the human body and other scientific phenomena.
 • Gaganyaan's success will enhance India's capabilities in conducting microgravity research and contribute to global scientific knowledge.
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Q 65. Space Technology (Including Aerospace)

Q65. Artificial way of causing rainfall to reduce air pollution makes use of

a) Silver iodide and potassium iodide
b) Silver nitrate and potassium iodide
c) Silver iodide and potassium nitrate
d) Silver nitrate and potassium chloride
Answer: a
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

1. Correct Answer: Cloud Seeding

2. Explanation of Options:

 • Option (a): Cloud Seeding is correct.  
 • Cloud seeding is a method used to artificially induce rainfall.
 • It involves dispersing substances into the atmosphere that serve as cloud condensation or ice nuclei.
 • Common substances used include silver iodide, potassium iodide, and sodium chloride.
 • The process aims to enhance precipitation, which can help reduce air pollution by washing pollutants out of the atmosphere.

 • Option (b): Incorrect.  
 • This option might refer to another method or technology not directly related to inducing rainfall.
 • Artificial rainfall specifically refers to cloud seeding, not other weather modification techniques.
 • Other methods like fog dispersal or hail suppression do not directly cause rainfall.
 • Therefore, this option does not align with the concept of causing rainfall to reduce air pollution.

 • Option (c): Incorrect.  
 • This option does not relate to the process of inducing rainfall.
 • It might refer to a different environmental or atmospheric intervention.
 • The question specifically asks about causing rainfall, which is not addressed by this option.
 • Thus, it is not relevant to the context of reducing air pollution through artificial rainfall.
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Q . Space Technology

Which one of the following countries has its own Satellite Navigation System?

a) Australia
b) Canada
c) Israel
d) Japan
Answer: d
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

1. Correct Answer: Option D: Japan
 2. Explain the Logic:
     ● Australia: As of now, Australia does not have its own independent satellite navigation system. It relies on systems like the Global Positioning System (GPS) provided by the United States.  
     ● Canada: Similar to Australia, Canada does not possess its own satellite navigation system. It primarily uses the GPS and other international systems for navigation purposes.  
     ● Israel: While Israel is advanced in technology and defense, it does not have a dedicated satellite navigation system. It utilizes existing systems like the GPS.  
     ● Japan: Japan has developed its own satellite navigation system known as the Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS). This system is designed to enhance the accuracy of GPS in the region, making Japan the correct answer.  
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Q . Space Technology

Consider the following pairs: Objects in space – Description 1. Cepheids: Giant clouds of dust and gas in space 2. Nebulae: Stars which brighten and dim periodically 3. Pulsars: Neutron stars that are formed when massive stars run out of fuel and collapse How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

a) Only one
b) Only two
c) All three
d) None
Answer: a
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

1. Correct Answer: Option A: Only one
 2. Explain the logic:
     ● Cepheids: These are not giant clouds of dust and gas. Instead, they are a type of star known for their periodic brightness changes. Therefore, the description given is incorrect.  
     ● Nebulae: These are indeed giant clouds of dust and gas in space, not stars that brighten and dim periodically. The description is incorrect.  
     ● Pulsars: These are accurately described as neutron stars formed when massive stars exhaust their fuel and collapse. They emit beams of radiation and are known for their pulsating signals. This description is correct.  
 Thus, only the third pair is correctly matched.
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Q . Space Technology

If a major solar storm (solar-flare) reaches the Earth, which of the following are the possible effects on the Earth? 1. GPS and navigation systems could fail. 2. Tsunamis could occur at equatorial regions. 3. Power grids could be damaged. 4. Intense auroras could occur over much of the Earth. 5. Forest fires could take place over much of the planet. 6. Orbits of the satellites could be disturbed. 7. Shortwave radio communication of the aircraft flying over polar regions could be interrupted. Select the correct answer using the code given below:

a) 1, 2, 4 and 5 only
b) 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 only
c) 1, 3, 4, 6 and 7 only
d) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7
Answer: c
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

1. Correct Answer: Option C: 1, 3, 4, 6 and 7 only
 2. Explain the logic:
     ● 1. GPS and navigation systems could fail: Solar storms can disrupt satellite signals, affecting GPS accuracy.  
     ● 3. Power grids could be damaged: Geomagnetic storms can induce currents in power lines, potentially damaging transformers and causing blackouts.  
     ● 4. Intense auroras could occur over much of the Earth: Solar particles interacting with Earth's magnetic field can cause auroras visible at lower latitudes.  
     ● 6. Orbits of the satellites could be disturbed: Increased atmospheric drag from solar activity can alter satellite orbits.  
     ● 7. Shortwave radio communication of the aircraft flying over polar regions could be interrupted: Solar flares can disrupt radio signals, affecting communication.  
     ● 2. Tsunamis could occur at equatorial regions: Solar storms do not cause tsunamis; they are triggered by seismic activity.  
     ● 5. Forest fires could take place over much of the planet: Solar storms do not directly cause forest fires.  
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Q . Space Technology

“The experiment will employ a trio of spacecraft flying in formation in the shape of an equilateral triangle that has sides one million kilometres long, with lasers shining between the craft.” The experiment in question refers to

a) Voyager-2
b) New Horizons
c) LISA Pathfinder
d) Evolved LISA
Answer: d
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

1. Correct Answer: Option D: Evolved LISA
 2. Explain the logic:
         ○ The description refers to a mission involving a trio of spacecraft flying in formation as an equilateral triangle with sides one million kilometers long, using lasers. This setup is characteristic of the Evolved Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (Evolved LISA), a mission designed to detect and measure gravitational waves.
     ● Voyager-2 (Option A) and New Horizons (Option B) are spacecraft missions for planetary exploration and do not involve such a formation or laser system.  
     ● LISA Pathfinder (Option C) was a precursor mission to test technologies for Evolved LISA but did not involve the described formation.  
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Q . Space Technology

With reference to the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), consider the following statements: 1. IRNSS has three satellites in geostationary and four satellites in geosynchronous orbits. 2. IRNSS covers entire India and about 5500 sq. km beyond its borders. 3. India will have its own satellite navigation system with full global coverage by the middle of 2019. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 1 and 2 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) None
Answer: a
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

1. Correct Answer: Option A: 1 only
 2. Explain the logic:
     ● Statement 1: Correct. The Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), also known as NavIC, consists of three satellites in geostationary orbit and four satellites in geosynchronous orbit.  
     ● Statement 2: Incorrect. IRNSS is designed to cover the entire Indian region and an area extending up to 1,500 km beyond its borders, not 5500 sq. km.  
     ● Statement 3: Incorrect. IRNSS is a regional navigation system and does not aim for full global coverage. It is intended to provide accurate position information to users in India and the surrounding region.  
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Q . Space Technology

With reference to India’s satellite launch vehicles, consider the following statements: 1. PSLVs launch the satellites useful for Earth resources monitoring whereas GSLVs are designed mainly to launch communication satellites. 2. Satellites launched by PSLV appear to remain permanently fixed in the same position in the sky, as viewed from a particular location on Earth. 3. GSLV Mk III is a four-staged launch vehicle with the first and third stages using solid rocket motors; and the second and fourth stages using liquid rocket engines. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 2
d) 3 only
Answer: a
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

1. Correct Answer: Option A: 1 only
 2. Explain the logic:
     ● Statement 1: Correct. PSLVs (Polar Satellite Launch Vehicles) are primarily used for launching satellites into polar orbits, which are ideal for Earth resources monitoring. GSLVs (Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicles) are designed to launch satellites into geosynchronous orbits, mainly for communication purposes.  
     ● Statement 2: Incorrect. Satellites launched by GSLVs, not PSLVs, appear to remain fixed in the sky from a specific location on Earth, as they are placed in geostationary orbits.  
     ● Statement 3: Incorrect. GSLV Mk III is a three-stage vehicle, not four. It uses two solid rocket boosters, a liquid core stage, and a cryogenic upper stage.  
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Q . Space Technology

What is the purpose of ‘evolved Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (eLISA)’ project?

a) To detect neutrinos
b) To detect gravitational waves
c) To detect the effectiveness of missile defence system
d) To study the effect of solar flares on our communication systems
Answer: b
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

1. Correct Answer: Option B: To detect gravitational waves
 2. Explain the logic:
     ● Option A: To detect neutrinos: The eLISA project is not designed for neutrino detection. Neutrinos are typically detected using large underground detectors filled with water or ice, such as the Super-Kamiokande in Japan.  
     ● Option B: To detect gravitational waves: The evolved Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (eLISA) is specifically designed to detect gravitational waves. It is a space-based observatory that aims to measure the ripples in spacetime caused by massive cosmic events, such as the merging of black holes.  
     ● Option C: To detect the effectiveness of missile defence system: This is unrelated to the purpose of eLISA. Missile defense systems are typically tested using radar and other tracking technologies.  
     ● Option D: To study the effect of solar flares on our communication systems: While solar flares do affect communication systems, the eLISA project is not focused on this area. It is dedicated to the study of gravitational waves.  
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Q . Space Technology

With reference to ‘Astrosat’, the astronomical observatory launched by India, which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. Other than USA and Russia, India is the only country to have launched a similar observatory into space. 2. Astrosat is a 2000 kg satellite placed in an orbit at 1650 km above the surface of the Earth. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: d
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

1. Correct Answer: Option D: Neither 1 nor 2
 2. Explanation:
     ● Statement 1: Incorrect. While Astrosat is India's first dedicated multi-wavelength space observatory, other countries besides the USA and Russia, such as the European Union (with ESA) and Japan, have also launched similar space observatories.  
     ● Statement 2: Incorrect. Astrosat is approximately a 1500 kg satellite and is placed in a low Earth orbit at an altitude of about 650 km, not 1650 km. This orbit allows it to observe celestial sources in different wavelengths effectively.  
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Q . Space Technology

Consider the following statements: The Mangalyaan launched by ISRO 1. is also called the Mars Orbiter Mission 2. made India the second country to have a spacecraft orbit the Mars after USA 3. made India the only country to be successful in making its spacecraft orbit the Mars in its very first attempt Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: c
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

1. Correct Answer: Option C: 1 and 3 only
 2. Explain the logic:
     ● Statement 1: The Mangalyaan is indeed also called the Mars Orbiter Mission. This statement is correct.  
     ● Statement 2: This statement is incorrect. While Mangalyaan made India the first Asian nation to reach Mars orbit and the first nation in the world to do so in its first attempt, it did not make India the second country after the USA. The Soviet Union and the European Space Agency had also successfully sent missions to Mars before India.  
     ● Statement 3: This statement is correct. India became the only country to be successful in making its spacecraft orbit Mars on its very first attempt with the Mangalyaan mission.  
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Q . Space Technology

In which of the following activities are Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellites used? 1. Assessment of crop productivity 2. Locating groundwater resources 3. Mineral exploration 4. Telecommunications 5. Traffic studies Select the correct answer using the code given below.

a) 1, 2 and 3 only
b) 4 and 5 only
c) 1 and 2 only
d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
Answer: a
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

1. Correct Answer: Option A: 1, 2, and 3 only
 2. Explanation:
     ● Assessment of crop productivity: IRS satellites are extensively used in agriculture for monitoring crop health, estimating yield, and assessing crop productivity.  
     ● Locating groundwater resources: IRS satellites help in identifying potential groundwater zones by analyzing surface features and geological formations.  
     ● Mineral exploration: IRS satellites assist in mapping mineral resources by detecting surface mineral signatures and geological structures.  
     ● Telecommunications: IRS satellites are not typically used for telecommunications; this is the domain of communication satellites.  
     ● Traffic studies: While remote sensing can aid in traffic management, IRS satellites are not primarily designed for real-time traffic studies.  
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Q . Space Technology

Which of the following pairs is/are correctly matched? Spacecraft Purpose 1. Cassini-Huygens: Orbiting the Venus and transmitting data to the Earth 2. Messenger: Mapping and investigating 3. Voyager 1 and 2: Exploring the outer solar system Select the correct answer using the code given below.

a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: b
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

Correct Answer: Option B: 2 and 3 only
 Explanation:
 1. Cassini-Huygens: This spacecraft was designed to study Saturn, not Venus. It orbited Saturn and sent back valuable data about the planet and its moons. Therefore, statement 1 is incorrect.
 2. Messenger: This spacecraft was tasked with mapping and investigating Mercury, the closest planet to the Sun. It provided detailed information about Mercury's surface and environment. Thus, statement 2 is correct.
 3. Voyager 1 and 2: These spacecraft were launched to explore the outer solar system. They provided groundbreaking data on the outer planets and continue to send information from beyond our solar system. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
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Q . Space Technology

Satellites used for telecommunication relay are kept in a geostationary orbit. A satellite is said to be in such an orbit when: 1. The orbit is geosynchronous. 2. The orbit is circular. 3. The orbit lies in the plane of the earth’s equator. 4. The orbit is at an altitude of 22,236 km. Which is the correct answer using the codes given below:

a) 1, 2, and 3 only
b) 1, 3 and 4 only
c) 2 and 4 only
d) 1, 2, 3, and 4
Answer: a
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

1. Correct Answer: Option A: 1, 2, and 3 only
 2. Explain the logic:
     ● Statement 1: A geostationary orbit is a type of geosynchronous orbit, meaning the satellite orbits the Earth with a period equal to the Earth's rotation period, thus appearing stationary relative to a point on the Earth's surface.  
     ● Statement 2: The orbit must be circular to maintain a constant altitude and speed, ensuring the satellite remains fixed over one point on the equator.  
     ● Statement 3: The orbit must lie in the plane of the Earth's equator to ensure the satellite remains directly above the equator, maintaining a fixed position relative to the Earth's surface.  
     ● Statement 4: While the typical altitude for a geostationary orbit is approximately 35,786 km (not 22,236 km), the altitude is not a defining characteristic of a geostationary orbit, making this statement incorrect.  
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Q . Space Technology

An artificial satellite orbiting around the earth does not fall down. This is so because the attraction of earth?

a) Does not exist at such distance
b) Is neutralized by the attraction of the moon
c) Provides the necessary speed for its steady motion
d) Provides the necessary acceleration for its motion
Answer: d
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

1. Correct Answer: Option D: Provides the necessary acceleration for its motion
 2. Explain the logic:
     ● Option A: The statement that the attraction of Earth "does not exist at such distance" is incorrect. Gravitational force acts over long distances, and it is this force that keeps the satellite in orbit.  
     ● Option B: The idea that Earth's gravitational pull is "neutralized by the attraction of the moon" is incorrect. While the moon does exert a gravitational force, it is not strong enough to neutralize Earth's pull on satellites.  
     ● Option C: The statement that Earth's attraction "provides the necessary speed for its steady motion" is misleading. The satellite's speed is a result of its initial launch velocity and the balance of gravitational force, not directly provided by Earth's attraction.  
     ● Option D: The correct explanation is that Earth's gravitational force provides the necessary acceleration for the satellite's motion. This force acts as the centripetal force that keeps the satellite in a stable orbit, preventing it from falling back to Earth.  
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Q . Space Technology

Consider the following statements: The satellite Oceansat-2 launched by India helps in 1. Estimating the water vapor content in the atmosphere. 2. Predicting the onset of monsoons. 3. Monitoring the pollution of coastal waters. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: d
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

1. Correct Answer: Option D: 1, 2 and 3
 2. Explain the logic:
     ● Statement 1: Estimating the water vapor content in the atmosphere - Oceansat-2 is equipped with a microwave radiometer, which helps in measuring the water vapor content in the atmosphere.  
     ● Statement 2: Predicting the onset of monsoons - The satellite provides data on sea surface winds and temperatures, which are crucial for predicting monsoon patterns.  
     ● Statement 3: Monitoring the pollution of coastal waters - Oceansat-2 carries an Ocean Colour Monitor (OCM) that helps in assessing the health of coastal waters by monitoring chlorophyll concentration and detecting pollution levels.  
 All three statements are correct, making Option D the right choice.
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Q . Space Technology

In the context of space technology, what is ''Bhuvan'', recently in the news?

a) A mini satellite launched by ISRO for promoting the distance education India.
b) The name given to the next Moon Impact Probe, for Chandraayan-II.
c) A geoportal of ISRO with 3D imaging capabilities of India.
d) A space telescope development by India.
Answer: c
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

1. Correct Answer: Option C: A geoportal of ISRO with 3D imaging capabilities of India.
 2. Explain the Logic:
     ● Option A: A mini satellite launched by ISRO for promoting distance education in India. This is incorrect as Bhuvan is not a satellite but a geoportal.  
     ● Option B: The name given to the next Moon Impact Probe, for Chandraayan-II. This is incorrect because Bhuvan is not related to the Moon Impact Probe or Chandraayan-II.  
     ● Option C: A geoportal of ISRO with 3D imaging capabilities of India. This is correct. Bhuvan is an Indian web-based application developed by ISRO, providing 3D visualization of the Indian subcontinent.  
     ● Option D: A space telescope development by India. This is incorrect as Bhuvan is not a space telescope but a geoportal.  
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Q . Space Technology

Selene-1, the lunar orbiter mission belongs to which one of the following?

a) China
b) European Union
c) Japan
d) USA
Answer: c
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

1. Correct Answer: Option C: Japan
 2. Explain the Logic:
     ● Selene-1: Also known as Kaguya, this mission is a Japanese lunar orbiter. It was launched by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in 2007. The mission aimed to study the Moon's origin and evolution.  
     ● Option A: China: China has its own lunar missions, such as the Chang'e series, but Selene-1 is not one of them.  
     ● Option B: European Union: The EU has participated in various space missions, but Selene-1 is not associated with them.  
     ● Option D: USA: The USA has conducted numerous lunar missions, like the Apollo program, but Selene-1 is not a US mission.  
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Q . Space Technology

ISRO successfully conducted a rocket test using cryogenic engines in the year 2007. Where is the test-stand used for the purpose, located?

a) Balasore
b) Thiruvananthapuram
c) Mahendragiri
d) Karwar
Answer: c
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

1. Correct Answer: Option C: Mahendragiri
 2. Explain the logic:
     ● Option A: Balasore: This location is known for its missile testing range, specifically the Integrated Test Range (ITR) for defense purposes, not for ISRO's cryogenic engine tests.  
     ● Option B: Thiruvananthapuram: While Thiruvananthapuram is home to the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), which is a major space research center of ISRO, the specific test-stand for cryogenic engines is not located here.  
     ● Option C: Mahendragiri: The ISRO Propulsion Complex (IPRC) at Mahendragiri is where ISRO conducts tests for its cryogenic engines. This facility is specifically equipped for testing and assembling propulsion systems.  
     ● Option D: Karwar: This location is primarily known for its naval base and does not have facilities related to ISRO's cryogenic engine testing.  
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Q . Space Technology

Which one of the following is a spacecraft?

a) Apophis
b) Cassini
c) Spitzer
d) TechSar
Answer: b
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

Q . Space Technology

What is the purpose of the US Space Agency’s Themis Mission, which was recently in the news?

a) To study the possibility of life on Mars
b) To study the satellites of Saturn
c) To study the Colourful display of high latitude skies
d) To build a Space laboratory to study the stellar explosions
Answer: c
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

1. Correct Answer: Option C: To study the Colourful display of high latitude skies
 2. Explain the logic:
     ● Option A: To study the possibility of life on Mars: This is not the purpose of the Themis Mission. Missions like Mars Rover and Perseverance focus on studying Mars for signs of life.  
     ● Option B: To study the satellites of Saturn: This is incorrect for the Themis Mission. Missions like Cassini have been dedicated to studying Saturn and its moons.  
     ● Option C: To study the Colourful display of high latitude skies: This is the correct purpose of the Themis Mission. The mission aims to understand the auroras and the dynamics of the Earth's magnetosphere.  
     ● Option D: To build a Space laboratory to study the stellar explosions: This is not related to the Themis Mission. Projects like the International Space Station (ISS) focus on space laboratories.  
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Q . Space Technology

Consider the following statements in respect of a jet engine and a rocket: 1. A jet engine uses the surrounding air for its oxygen supply and so is unsuitable for motion in space 2. A rocket carries its own supply of oxygen in the gas form, and fuel. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: c
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

Correct Answer: Option C: Both 1 and 2
 Explanation:
 1. Jet Engine:
     ● Statement 1: A jet engine relies on the surrounding air to supply oxygen for combustion. This is because it intakes air, compresses it, mixes it with fuel, and ignites the mixture to produce thrust.  
     ● Space Limitation: In space, there is no surrounding air, making jet engines unsuitable for space travel.  
 2. Rocket:
     ● Statement 2: A rocket carries its own supply of oxygen, typically in liquid form, along with fuel. This allows it to operate in the vacuum of space where there is no atmospheric oxygen.  
     ● Self-contained System: Rockets are designed to function independently of the surrounding environment, making them ideal for space missions.  
 Both statements accurately describe the fundamental differences between jet engines and rockets, confirming that both 1 and 2 are correct.
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Q . Space Technology

Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?

a) Cosmic Background Explore (COBE): Satellite programme
b) Falcon: Under-sea cable system
c) Discovery: Space Shuttle
d) Atlantis: Space Station
Answer: d
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

1. Correct Answer: Option D: Atlantis: Space Station
 2. Explain the Logic:
     ● Option A: Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE): This is correctly matched. COBE is a satellite program launched by NASA to measure the diffuse infrared and microwave radiation from the early universe.  
     ● Option B: Falcon: This is correctly matched. Falcon is an under-sea cable system that provides high-speed internet connectivity across continents.  
     ● Option C: Discovery: This is correctly matched. Discovery is a Space Shuttle that was part of NASA's Space Shuttle program, used for various missions including satellite deployment and International Space Station construction.  
     ● Option D: Atlantis: This is incorrectly matched. Atlantis is not a space station; it is a Space Shuttle that was part of NASA's fleet, similar to Discovery, used for space missions. The correct term for a space station would be the International Space Station (ISS) or other specific space stations like Mir.  
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Q . Space Technology

NASA’s Deep Impact space mission was employed to take detailed pictures of which comet nucleus?

a) Halley’s Comet
b) Hale-Bopp
c) Hyakutake
d) Tempel 1
Answer: d
Practice This Question in Exam Mode

1. Correct Answer: Option D: Tempel 1
 2. Explain the logic:
     ● Deep Impact Mission: NASA's Deep Impact mission was specifically designed to study the comet nucleus of Tempel 1. The mission's primary objective was to impact the comet to analyze its composition and structure.  
     ● Option A: Halley’s Comet: While Halley’s Comet is one of the most famous comets, it was not the target of the Deep Impact mission. It has been studied by other missions, such as the European Space Agency's Giotto.  
     ● Option B: Hale-Bopp: This comet was visible to the naked eye in the late 1990s but was not the focus of the Deep Impact mission.  
     ● Option C: Hyakutake: Known for its close approach to Earth in 1996, Hyakutake was not the target of the Deep Impact mission.  
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Q . Space Technology

What is the Galileo Project which has been in news recently?

a) An intercountry programme of missile shield developed by the United States of America
b) a Project developed by India with assistance from Canada
c) An environmental protection project being developed by Japan
d) a multi-satellite navigation project being developed by the European Union
Answer: d
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1. Correct Answer: Option D: a multi-satellite navigation project being developed by the European Union
 2. Explain the Logic:
     ● Option A: An intercountry programme of missile shield developed by the United States of America is incorrect. The Galileo Project is not related to missile defense systems.  
     ● Option B: A project developed by India with assistance from Canada is incorrect. The Galileo Project is not associated with India or Canada.  
     ● Option C: An environmental protection project being developed by Japan is incorrect. The Galileo Project is not an environmental initiative.  
     ● Option D: A multi-satellite navigation project being developed by the European Union is correct. The Galileo Project is a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) initiative by the EU, providing accurate positioning and timing information.  
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Q . Space Technology

Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched? Well-known Place : Country

a) Baikonour : Russia
b) Kourou : French Guiana
c) Borobudur : Indonesia
d) Cannes : France
Answer: a
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1. Correct Answer: Option A: Baikonour : Russia
 2. Explain the Logic:
     ● Option A: Baikonour : Russia - This is incorrectly matched. Baikonur is actually located in Kazakhstan, not Russia. It is known for the Baikonur Cosmodrome, a major space launch facility.  
     ● Option B: Kourou : French Guiana - This is correctly matched. Kourou is a town in French Guiana, home to the Guiana Space Centre, a key European spaceport.  
     ● Option C: Borobudur : Indonesia - This is correctly matched. Borobudur is a famous Buddhist temple located in Indonesia.  
     ● Option D: Cannes : France - This is correctly matched. Cannes is a city in France, renowned for the Cannes Film Festival.  
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Q . Space Technology

Consider the following statements in respect of India advanced satellite INSAT – 4A. 1. INSAT - 4A was launched in December, 2005 from New Mexico. 2. The European Commercial Launch Service Provider Arianespace was associated with the launch of INSAT -4A. 3. Tata-Sky, a digital cable service provider, is associated with DTH television broadcasting service from INSAT -4A. Which of the statements given above are correct?

a) 1, 2 and 3
b) 1 and 2 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1 and 3 only
Answer: c
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1. Correct Answer: Option C: 2 and 3 only
 2. Explain the logic:
     ● Statement 1: Incorrect. INSAT-4A was launched in December 2005, but it was launched from Kourou, French Guiana, not New Mexico.  
     ● Statement 2: Correct. The European Commercial Launch Service Provider Arianespace was indeed associated with the launch of INSAT-4A.  
     ● Statement 3: Correct. Tata-Sky, a digital cable service provider, uses INSAT-4A for its DTH television broadcasting service.  
     Therefore, only statements 2 and 3 are correct, making Option C the right choice.
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Q . Space Technology

Consider the following statements: 1. Vigyan Rail is a Science Exhibition on wheels organized by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. 2. Vigyan Prasar is an autonomous body under the Ministry of Human Resource Development. 3. EDUSAT, the ISRO’s educational satellite was launched from French Guyana in 2004. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1, 2 and 3
b) 1 and 2
c) 2 and 3
d) None
Answer: d
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Q . Space Technology

Consider the following statements: 1. A geostationary satellite is at an approximate height of 10,000 km. 2. FM transmission of music is of very good quality because the atmospheric or man-made noises which are generally frequency variations can do little harm. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: b
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Q . Space Technology

INSAT-3E, India’s communication satellite, was launched in 2003 from

a) French Guiana
b) Seychelles
c) Mauritius
d) Mauritania
Answer: a
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Q . Space Technology

Consider the following statements: 1. India launched its first full-fledged meteorological satellite (METSAT) in September 2002. 2. For the first time, the space vehicle PSLV-C4 carried a payload of more than 1000 kg into a geosynchronous orbit. Which of these statements is/are correct?

a) Only 1
b) Only 2
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: c
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Q . Space Technology

In the year 2001, NASA launched a spacecraft to Mars named

a) Mars Climate Orbiter
b) Mars Global Surveyor
c) Mars Odyssey
d) Mars Polar Lander
Answer: c
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Q . Space Technology

With reference to Indian satellites and their launchers, consider the following statements: 1. All the INSAT¬ series of satellites were launched abroad. 2. PSLVs were used to launch IRS ¬series of satellites. 3. India used the indigenously built cryogenic engines for the first time for powering the third stage of GSLV. 4. GSAT, launched in the year 2001, has payloads to demonstrate digital broadcasts and internet services. Which of these statements are correct?

a) 1, 2, 3 and 4
b) 2, 3 and 4
c) 1, 2 and 4
d) 1 and 3
Answer: a
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Q . Space Technology

Assertion (A): Artificial satellites are always launched from the earth in the eastward direction. Reason (R): The earth rotates from west to east and so the satellite attains the escape velocity.

a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not a correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true
Answer: c
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Q . Space Technology

The world’s highest ground based telescopic observatory is located in

a) Colombia
b) India
c) Nepal
d) Switzerland
Answer: b
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Q . Space Technology

The location of the space organisation units have been marked in the given map as 1,2,3 and 4. Match these units with the list given below and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists: a) ISRO b) IIRS c) NRSA d) SAC Codes: A B C D

a) 4?1?2?3
b) 1?4?3?2
c) 1?4?2?3
d) 4?1?3?2
Answer: d
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Q . Space Technology

Who is the scientist in whose honour the “Chandra” X-ray telescope has been named?

a) Chandrasekhar Venkat Raman
b) Jagdish Chandra Bose
c) Prafulla Chandra Roy
d) Subrahmanyam Chandrasekhar
Answer: d
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Q . Space Technology

Low temperatures (Cryogenics) find application in

a) space travel, surgery and magnetic levitation
b) surgery, magnetic levitation and telemetry
c) space travel, surgery and telemetry
d) space travel, magnetic levitation and telemetry
Answer: a
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Q . Space Technology

The satellites of which one of the following countries have helped in the preparation of a detailed and complete map of Antarctica?

a) Canada
b) France
c) Russia
d) USA
Answer: a
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Q . Space Technology

The damage to the Spektr Module of the Russian Space Station Mir was due to

a) collision with a Soyuz cargo ship
b) faulty material design of the Spektr Module
c) explosion inside the space station
d) collision with an asteroid
Answer: a
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Q . Space Technology

Which one of the following satellites is to be launched from India in 1996?

a) IRS-P2
b) IRS-P3
c) IRS-EN
d) IRS-ID
Answer: b
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Q . Space Technology

Cryogenic engines find applications in

a) sub-marine propulsion
b) frost-free refrigerators
c) rocket technology
d) researches in superconductivity
Answer: c
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Q . Space Technology

Which one of the following is the most important reason for the establishment of the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre at Thumba?

a) The sea is near to the place in the East, West and South directions
b) It is a place near to a city in India, which is nearest to the Geographic Equator
c) It is situated on the Geomagnetic Equator
d) Outer space near Thumba exhibits queer atmospheric phenomena
Answer: c
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Q . Space Technology

Which one of the following is NOT an astronomical object?

a) Pulsar
b) Brittle Star
c) Black hole
d) Quasar
Answer: b
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Q . Space Technology

The evidence for the rotation of stars comes mainly from the

a) Doppler effect
b) Photoelectric effect
c) Stark effect
d) Zeeman effect
Answer: d
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Q . Space Technology

Very small-time intervals are accurately measured by the

a) Pulsars
b) White dwarfs
c) Atomic clocks
d) Quartz clocks
Answer: c
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Q . Space Technology

‘Black holes’ refers to

a) Holes occurring in heavenly bodies
b) Bright spots on the sun
c) Collapsing object of high density
d) Collapsing object of low density
Answer: c
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Q . Space Technology

On the Moon, astronauts inflate a rubber balloon with hydrogen gas and release it at a height of 2 metres. The balloon will

a) Fall down
b) Go upwards
c) Remain at the height of 2 metres
d) First go up and finally come down
Answer: b
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Q . Space Technology

The limit beyond which stars suffer internal collapse is called

a) Chandrashekhar limit
b) Eddington limit
c) Hoyle limit
d) Fowler limit
Answer: a
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Q . Space Technology

Which of the following was the first to escape out of solar system?

a) Pioneer 10
b) Voyager I
c) Voyager II
d) Soyuz
Answer: a
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Q . Space Technology

Acceleration due to gravity on moon is 0.166 times than that on the earth. A man weighing 60 kg on earth would weigh _______ kg on moon.

a) 16.6 kg
b) 30 kg
c) 60 kg
d) 10 kg
Answer: d
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Q . Space Technology

The stars receive their energy from which of the following?

a) Chemical reaction
b) Nuclear Fusion
c) Nuclear Fission
d) Gravitational pull
Answer: b
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Q . Space Technology

To a person on the moon, the sky appears.

a) White
b) Black
c) Blue
d) Orange
Answer: b
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Q . Space Technology

Black hole

a) Does not emit any radiations
b) Converts UV/radiations to infra-red radiations
c) Absorbs all the radiations that fall on it
d) Is an imaginary concept in Physics
Answer: c
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Q . Space Technology

Ursa Minor is

a) The name of an island
b) The name of a satellite
c) A group of stars that form the Little Dipper in the most northern constellation
d) The name of a disease in U.S.A.
Answer: c
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Q . Space Technology

Black hole is

a) A magnetic dark cavity
b) Name of a star
c) A hole in the moon
d) A dying star
Answer: d
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Q . Space Technology

The first geostationary satellite launched by India is

a) Aryabhata
b) Bhaskara
c) APPLE
d) INSAT 1-B
Answer: c
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Q . Space Technology

Which comet appears after 76 years and likely to appear in 1986?

a) Halley’s comet
b) Biela’s comet
c) Turtle’s comet
d) None of these
Answer: a
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Q . Space Technology

The sun derives its energy from

a) Nuclear fission reactions
b) Nuclear fusion reactions
c) Oxidation of helium
d) Fission of noble metals
Answer: b
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Q . Space Technology

To an astronaut in the spacecraft, the sky appears to be

a) Blue
b) White
c) Dark
d) Red
Answer: c
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Q . Space Technology

To an astronaut in the spacecraft, the sky colour appears to be

a) Blue
b) White
c) Black
d) Orange red
Answer: c
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Q . Space Technology

The escape velocity from the earth’s surface is about

a) 30 km/sec
b) 6 km/sec
c) 11.2 km/sec
d) 300 km/sec
Answer: c
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Q . Space Technology

Neil Armstrong was the first person to reach on the moon. While walking on the moon

a) His mass remained the same but weight increased
b) His mass remained the same but weight decreased
c) His mass as well as weight decreased
d) His mass increased but weight remained the same
Answer: b
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Q . Space Technology

Distance of stars is measured in

a) Light years
b) Kilometres per second
c) Kilometres only
d) Nautical miles
Answer: a
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Q . Space Technology

The Supersonic jets tend to cause

a) Destruction of ozone layer
b) Sound pollution
c) Nervous system breakdown
d) All of the above
Answer: a
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Q . Space Technology

When a man circles round the earth in a satellite, then

a) His mass becomes zero but weight remains constant
b) Mass remains constant but weight becomes zero
c) Both mass and weight remain constant
d) Both mass and weight remain zero
Answer: b
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Q . Space Technology (Including Aerospace)

Consider the following activities: 1. Identification of narcotics on passengers at airports or in aircraft 2. Monitoring of precipitation 3. Tracking the migration of animals In how many of the above activities can the radars be used?

a) Only one
b) Only two
c) All three
d) None
Answer: c
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  • Statement 1 is correct: Radars can be used for identifying narcotics on passengers at airports or in aircraft.
  • Statement 2 is correct: Radars can be used for monitoring precipitation.
  • Statement 3 is correct: Radars can be used for tracking the migration of animals.
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Q . Space Technology (Including Aerospace)

Consider the following materials: 1. Agricultural residues 2. Corn grain 3. Wastewater treatment sludge 4. Wood mill waste Which of the above can be used as feedstock for producing Sustainable Aviation Fuel?

a) 1 and 2 only
b) 3 and 4 only
c) 1, 2, 3 and 4
d) 1, 3 and 4 only
Answer: c
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  • Agricultural residues - These can be used as feedstock for producing Sustainable Aviation Fuel.
  • Corn grain - This can be used as feedstock for producing Sustainable Aviation Fuel.
  • Wastewater treatment sludge - This can be used as feedstock for producing Sustainable Aviation Fuel.
  • Wood mill waste - This can be used as feedstock for producing Sustainable Aviation Fuel.
  • Therefore, all the materials listed (1, 2, 3, and 4) can be used as feedstock for producing Sustainable Aviation Fuel.
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Q . Space Technology (Including Aerospace)

Consider the following statements: 1. Carbon fibres are used in the manufacture of components used in automobiles and aircrafts. 2. Carbon fibres once used cannot be recycled. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: a
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