Q 23. Ancient Irrigation Device: Araghatta (Ancient History)
Q23. The irrigation device called 'Araghatta' was
a)
a water bag made of leather pulled over a pulley
b)
a large wheel with earthen pots tied to the outer ends of its spokes
c)
a larger earthen pot driven by bullocks
d)
a large water bucket pulled up by rope directly by hand
Answer:
b
- “Araghatta” is a traditional irrigation device that uses a wheel mechanism to lift water.
- he wheel is usually rotated using animal power, and containers draw water from the source and pour it into irrigation channels.
- This method was widely used for irrigation in ancient India.
Q . Traditional Crafts and Their Regional Origins
Consider the following pairs:
Craft — Heritage of
1. Puthukkuli shawls – Tamil Nadu
2. Sujni embroidery – Maharashtra
3. Uppada Jamdani saris – Karnataka
Which of the pairs given above is/are correct?
Craft — Heritage of
1. Puthukkuli shawls – Tamil Nadu
2. Sujni embroidery – Maharashtra
3. Uppada Jamdani saris – Karnataka
Which of the pairs given above is/are correct?
a)
1 only
b)
1 and 2
c)
3 only
d)
2 and 3
Answer:
a
Q . Famous Indian Towns for Traditional Sarees
Consider the following towns of India:
1. Bhadrachalam
2. Chanderi
3. Kancheepuram
4. Karnal
Which of the above are famous for the production of traditional sarees / fabric?
1. Bhadrachalam
2. Chanderi
3. Kancheepuram
4. Karnal
Which of the above are famous for the production of traditional sarees / fabric?
a)
1 and 2 only
b)
2 and 3 only
c)
1, 2 and 3
d)
1, 3 and 4
Answer:
b
Q . Correctly Matched Indian Sculptures and Sites
With reference to the Indian history of art and culture, consider the following pairs:
Famous work of sculpture — Site
1. A grand image of Buddha’s Mahaparinirvana with numerous celestial musicians above and the sorrowful figures of his followers below — Ajanta
2. A huge image of Varaha Avatar (boar incarnation) of Vishnu, as he rescues Goddess Earth from the deep and chaotic waters, sculpted on rock — Mount Abu
3. “Arjuna’s Penance”/ “Descent of Ganga” sculpted on the surface of huge boulders — Mamallapuram
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
Famous work of sculpture — Site
1. A grand image of Buddha’s Mahaparinirvana with numerous celestial musicians above and the sorrowful figures of his followers below — Ajanta
2. A huge image of Varaha Avatar (boar incarnation) of Vishnu, as he rescues Goddess Earth from the deep and chaotic waters, sculpted on rock — Mount Abu
3. “Arjuna’s Penance”/ “Descent of Ganga” sculpted on the surface of huge boulders — Mamallapuram
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
a)
1 and 2 only
b)
3 only
c)
1 and 3 only
d)
1, 2 and 3
Answer:
c
Q . Matching Handicraft Centres with Indian States
Match List I (Centre of Handicrafts) with List II (State) and select the correct answer using the code given below the lists:
List-I (Centre of Handicrafts)
A. Mon
B. Nalbari
C. Pasighat
D. Tura
List-II (State)
1. Arunachal Pradesh
2. Assam
3. Meghalaya
4. Nagaland
Codes:
A B C D
List-I (Centre of Handicrafts)
A. Mon
B. Nalbari
C. Pasighat
D. Tura
List-II (State)
1. Arunachal Pradesh
2. Assam
3. Meghalaya
4. Nagaland
Codes:
A B C D
a)
4 2 1 3
b)
1 3 4 2
c)
4 3 1 2
d)
1 2 4 3
Answer:
a
1. Correct Answer: Option A: 4 2 1 3
2. Logic Explanation:
● A. Mon: This is a district in Nagaland. Therefore, it matches with 4.
● B. Nalbari: This is a district in Assam. Therefore, it matches with 2.
● C. Pasighat: This is a town in Arunachal Pradesh. Therefore, it matches with 1.
● D. Tura: This is a town in Meghalaya. Therefore, it matches with 3.
Option A is correct because it accurately matches each center of handicrafts with its respective state. Other options are incorrect as they mismatch the centers with the states.
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2. Logic Explanation:
● A. Mon: This is a district in Nagaland. Therefore, it matches with 4.
● B. Nalbari: This is a district in Assam. Therefore, it matches with 2.
● C. Pasighat: This is a town in Arunachal Pradesh. Therefore, it matches with 1.
● D. Tura: This is a town in Meghalaya. Therefore, it matches with 3.
Option A is correct because it accurately matches each center of handicrafts with its respective state. Other options are incorrect as they mismatch the centers with the states.
Q . Sculpture and Crafts
Sculptures of the Mathura School of Art, which flourished in the early centuries of the Christian era, are made out of
a)
Marble
b)
Slate stone
c)
Granite
d)
Red sandstone
Answer:
d
Q . Sculpture and Crafts
Which one of the following sculptures was invariably used green schist as the medium?
a)
Mauryan sculptures
b)
Mathura sculptures
c)
Bharhut sculptures
d)
Gandhara sculptures
Answer:
c
Q . Sculpture and Crafts
Bronze icons of Nataraja cast during the Chola period invariably show the deity with
a)
eight hands
b)
six hands
c)
four hands
d)
two hands
Answer:
c
Q . Sculpture and Crafts
In the Gandhara sculptures the preaching mudra associated with the Buddha’s First Sermon at Sarnath is
a)
Abhaya
b)
Dhyana
c)
Dharmachakra
d)
Bhumisparsa
Answer:
c
Gandhara: Seated Buddha with Dharma Chakra mudra
- In this mudra the thumb and index finger of both hands touch at their tips to form a circle.
- This circle represents the Wheel of Dharma, or in metaphysical terms, the union of method and wisdom.
- The three extended fingers of the right hand represent the three vehicles of the Buddha's teachings, namely: - 'hearers' of the teachings, 'solitary realizers' and the Mahayana or 'Great Vehicle'.
Q . Sculpture and Crafts
Which one of the following is considered to be the world’s greatest iconographical creations made by the sthapatis of south India, particularly during the Chola period?
a)
Mahishasuramardini
b)
Nataraja
c)
Rama
d)
Somaskanda
Answer:
b
- Bronze sculpture of Nataraja is considered to be world’s greatest iconographical creation of sthapatis of south india.
Q . Sculpture and Crafts
In which one of the following the Gandhara sculptures of the Buddha are typically Indian and not Greek or Roman?
a)
In the treatment of the robe
b)
In the rendering of the physiognomy
c)
In the iconography
d)
In the style
Answer:
c
- Gandhara art was influenced by Greek elements on the physiognomy of the sculptures however the iconography was mostly Indian.
Q . Sculpture and Crafts
Which of the following is not a feature of Gandhara School of Art?
a)
It was patronised by Sakas and Kushanas
b)
It has Indian and Greek influence
c)
It resulted in the origination of Hinayanism
d)
It portrayed human figures exactly
Answer:
c
- Gandhara School art originated as an art form of Mahayana Buddhism under Kushanas rule.
Q . Sculpture and Crafts
The Buddhist sculpture and art is found at
a)
Mahabalipuram
b)
Kanchi
c)
Vijayanagar
d)
Amravati
Answer:
b
Q . Araghatta in Medieval Indian Economy
With reference to the economic history of medieval India, the term ‘Araghatta’ refers to
a)
bonded labor
b)
land grants made to military officers
c)
waterwheel used in the irrigation of land
d)
wasteland converted to cultivated land
Answer:
c