Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

In India, which one of the following is responsible for maintaining price stability by controlling inflation?

a) Department of Consumer Affairs
b) Expenditure Management Commission
c) Financial Stability and Development Council
d) Reserve Bank of India
Answer: d
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

With reference to Indian economy, demand-pull inflation can be caused/ increased by which of the following? 1. Expansionary policies 2. Fiscal stimulus 3. Inflation-indexing wages 4. Higher purchasing power 5. Rising interest rates Select the correct answer using the code given below.

a) 1, 2 and 4 only
b) 3, 4 and 5 only
c) 1, 2, 3 and 5 only
d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
Answer: a
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Which one of the following is likely to be the most inflationary in its effects?

a) Repayment of public debt
b) Borrowing from the public to finance a budget deficit
c) Borrowing from the banks to finance a budget deficit
d) Creation of new money to finance a budget deficit
Answer: d
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Consider the following statements : 1. The weightage of food in Consumer Price Index (CPI) is higher than that in Wholesale Price Index (WPI). 2. The WPI does not capture changes in the prices of services, which CPI does. 3. The Reserve Bank of India has now adopted WPI as its key measure of inflation and to decide on changing the key policy rates. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 only
c) 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: a
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

In a given year in India, official poverty lines are higher in some States than in others because

a) poverty rates vary from State to State
b) price levels vary from State to State
c) Gross State Product varies from State to State
d) quality of public distribution varies from State to State
Answer: b
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Consider the following statements: Human capital formation as a concept is better explained in terms of a process, which enables 1. individuals of a country to accumulate more capital. 2. increasing the knowledge, skill levels and capacities of the people of the country. 3. accumulation of tangible wealth. 4. accumulation of intangible wealth. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 and 2
b) 2 only
c) 2 and 4
d) 1, 3 and 4
Answer: c
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Increase in absolute and per capita real GNP do not connote a higher level of economic development, if

a) industrial output fails to keep pace with agricultural output.
b) agricultural output fails to keep pace with industrial output
c) poverty and unemployment increase.
d) imports grow faster than exports.
Answer: c
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Despite being a high saving economy, capital formation may not result in significant increase in output due to

a) weak administrative machinery
b) illiteracy
c) high population density
d) high capital-output ratio
Answer: d
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Which of the following brings out the ‘Consumer Price Index Number for Industrial Workers’?

a) The Reserve Bank of India
b) The Department of Economic Affairs
c) The Labour Bureau
d) The Department of Personal and Training
Answer: c
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

With reference to Indian economy, consider the following statements: 1. The rate of growth of Real Gross Domestic Product has steadily increased in the last decade. 2. The Gross Domestic Product at market prices (in rupees) has steadily increased in the last decade. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: b
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

With reference to inflation in India, which of the following statements is correct?

a) Controlling the inflation in India is the responsibility of the Government of India only
b) The Reserve Bank of India has no role in controlling the inflation
c) Decreased money circulation helps in controlling the inflation
d) Increased money circulation helps in controlling the inflation
Answer: c
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Which one of the following is likely to be the most inflationary in its effect?

a) Repayment of public debt
b) Borrowing from the public to finance a budget deficit
c) Borrowing from banks to finance a budget deficit
d) Creating new money to finance a budget deficit
Answer: d
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

A rise in general level of prices may be caused by 1. an increase in the money supply 2. a decrease in the aggregate level of output 3. an increase in the effective demand Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

a) 1 only
b) 1 and 2 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: d
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

The national income of a country for a given period is equal to the

a) total value of goods and services produced by the nationals
b) sum of total consumption and investment expenditure
c) sum of personal income of all individuals
d) money value of final goods and services produced
Answer: a
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Consider the following statements: 1. Inflation benefits the debtors. 2. Inflation benefits the bondholders. Which is/are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: a
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

To obtain full benefits of demographic dividend, what should India do?

a) Promoting skill development
b) Introducing more social security schemes
c) Reducing infant mortality rate
d) Privatization of higher education
Answer: a
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Economic growth in country X will necessarily have to occur if

a) There is technical progress in the world economy
b) There is population growth in X
c) There is capital formation in X
d) The volume of trade grows in world economy
Answer: c
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Consider the following specific stages of demographic transition associated with economic development: 1. Low birthrate with low death rate 2. High birthrate with high death rate 3. High birthrate with low death rate. Select correct order.

a) 1, 2, 3
b) 2, 1, 3
c) 2, 3, 1
d) 3, 2, 1
Answer: c
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

In the context of Indian economy, consider the following statements: 1. The growth rate of GDP has steadily increased in last five years. 2. Growth rate in per capita income has steadily increased in last five years. Which is/are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: d
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Economic growth is usually coupled with

a) Deflation
b) Inflation
c) Stagflation
d) Hyperinflation
Answer: b
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Which one of the following statements is an appropriate description of deflation?
a) It is a sudden fall in the value of a currency against other currencies
b) It is a persistent recession in both the financial and real sectors of economy
c) It is a persistent fall in the general price level of goods and services
d) It is a fall in the rate of inflation over a period of time
Answer: c
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

With reference to India, consider the following statements: 1. The Wholesale Price Index (WPI) in India is available on a monthly basis only 2. As compared to Consumer Price Index for Industrial Workers (CPIIW), the WPI gives less weight to food articles Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: c
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

A rapid increase in the rate of inflation is sometimes attributed to the “base effect”. What is “base effect”?

a) It is the impact of drastic deficiency in supply due to failure of crops
b) It is the impact of the surge in demand due to rapid economic growth
c) It is the impact of the price levels of previous year on the calculation of inflation rate
d) None of the statements (a), (b) and (c) given above is correct in this context
Answer: c
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

With reference to Indian economy, consider the following statements: 1. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) has increased by four times in the last 10 years 2. The percentage share of Public Sector in GDP has declined in the last 10 years Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: b
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Consider the following statements: 1. Between Census 1951 and Census 2001, the density of the population of India has increased more than three times. 2. Between Census 1951 and Census 2001, the annual growth rate (exponential) of the population of India has doubled. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: d
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Which one of the following is the correct sequence in decreasing order of contribution of different sectors to the Gross Domestic Product of India?

a) Services – Industry – Agriculture
b) Services – Agriculture – Industry
c) Industry – Services – Agriculture
d) Industry – Agriculture – Services
Answer: a
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Consider the following statements:
 1. During the year 2004, India’s foreign exchange reserves did not exceed the 125 billion US Dollar mark.
 2. The series of index numbers of wholesale prices introduced from April, 2000 has the year 1993-1994 as base year.
 Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: c
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Which one among the following countries has the lowest GDP per capita?

a) China
b) India
c) Indonesia
d) Sri Lanka
Answer: b
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

With reference to the Wholesale Price Index (WPI), consider the following statements:
 1. The new WPI series with base 1993-94=100 became effective from April, 1998.
 2. In the new WPI series, the weight for primary articles has gone down by 10 percentage points.
 3. The weight for electricity has increased in the new WPI series.
 Which of these statements are correct?
a) 1, 2 and 3
b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3
d) 1 and 2
Answer: b
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

With reference to the Indian economy, consider the following activities:
 1. Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing
 2. Manufacturing
 3. Trade, Hotels, Transport and Communication
 4. Financing, Insurance, Real Estate and Business Services
 The decreasing order of the contribution of these sectors to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at factor cost at constant price (2000-01) is:
a) 3, 1, 2, 4
b) 1, 3, 4, 2
c) 3, 4, 1, 2
d) 1, 3, 2, 4
Answer: d
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

1. The most appropriate measure of a country’s economic growth is its

a) Gross Domestic Product
b) Net Domestic Product
c) Net National Product
d) Per Capita Real Income
Answer: d
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

What does the term National Income represent?
a) Gross national product at market prices minus depreciation
b) Gross national product at market prices minus depreciation plus net factor income from abroad
c) Gross national product at market prices minus depreciation and indirect taxes plus subsidies
d) Gross national product at market prices minus net factor income from abroad
Answer: c
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

1. The new series of Wholesale Price Index (WPI) released by the Government of India is with reference to the base price of:

a) 1981-82
b) 1990-91
c) 1993-94
d) 1994-95
Answer: c
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

The average rate of domestic savings (gross) for the Indian economy is currently estimated to be in the range of

a) 15 to 20 per cent
b) 20 to 25 per cent
c) 15 to 30 per cent
d) 30 to 35 per cent
Answer: b
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

1. The growth rate of per capita income at current prices is higher than that of per capita income at constant prices, because the latter takes into account the rate of

a) growth of population
b) increase in price level
c) growth of money supply
d) increase in the wage rate
Answer: b
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

In an open economy, the national income (Y) of the economy is:
 1. C
 2. I
 3. G
 4. X
 5. M
 (Note: C, I, G, X, M stand for Consumption, Investment, Government Expenditure, total exports and total imports respectively)

a) Y = C + I + G + X
b) Y = C + I + G – X + M
c) Y = C + I + G + (X - M)
d) Y = C + I – G + X – M
Answer: c
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Since 1980, the share of the tertiary sector in the total GDP of India has:
a) shown an increasing trend
b) shown a decreasing trend
c) remained constant
d) been fluctuating
Answer: a
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Persons below the poverty line in India are classified as such based on whether:
a) they are entitled to a minimum prescribed food basket
b) they get work for a prescribed minimum number of days in a year
c) they belong to agricultural laborer household and the scheduled caste/tribe social group
d) their daily wages fall below the prescribed minimum wages
Answer: a
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

A consumer is said to be in equilibrium, if
a) he is able to fulfill his need with a given level of income
b) he is able to live in full comforts with a given level of income
c) he can fulfill his needs without consumption of certain items
d) he is able to locate new sources of income
Answer: a
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

The misery index is the sum of a country’s unemployment and inflation rate. The higher the index, the more miserable is the country to live in. The figure given below is the Misery Index for various countries in Europe:


 

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the misery index given above?


 1. Britain is the most miserable country to live in
 2. The inflation rate in Spain is less than in Belgium and Britain
 3. Italy and France seem to have almost identical unemployment rate
 4. The higher the misery index, the higher the inflation rate
 

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

a) 1 alone
b) 2 and 3
c) 1, 2, 3 and 4
d) None
Answer: b
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

The current price index (base 1960) is nearly 330. This means that

a) all items cost 3-3 times more than what they did in 1960
b) the prices of certain selected items have gone up to 3-3 times
c) weighted mean of prices of certain items has increased 3-3 times
d) gold price has gone up 3-3 times
Answer: c
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

What year was the Human Poverty Index introduced in the Human Development Report?
a) 1994
b) 1995
c) 1996
d) 1997
Answer: d
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

The current Price Index (base 1960) is nearly 330. This means that the price of:

a) all items cost 3.3 times more than what they did in 1960
b) the price of certain selected items have gone up to 3.3 times
c) weighted mean of price of certain items has increased 3.3 times
d) gold price has gone up 3.3 times
Answer: c
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

According to the World Development Report, low-income economics are those for which the per capita GNP in 1994 was:
a) US $ 925 or less
b) US $ 825 or less
c) US $ 725 or less
d) US $ 525 or less
Answer: c
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

The supply-side economics lays greater emphasis on the point of view of:

a) producer
b) global economy
c) consumer
d) middleman
Answer: a
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

A consumer is said to be in equilibrium, if:

a) he is able to fulfil his need with a given level of income
b) he is able to live in full comforts with a given level of income
c) he can fulfil his needs without consumption of certain items
d) he is able to locate new sources of income
Answer: a
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

What does the Human Development Index comprise?
 1. Literacy rates
 2. Life expectancy at birth
 3. _________
a) Gross National Product per head in the US dollars
b) Gross Domestic Product per head at real purchasing power
c) Gross National Product in US dollars
d) National Income per head in US dollars
Answer: d
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

In India, inflation is measured by the:
a) Wholesale Price Index number
b) Consumers Price Index for urban non-manual workers
c) Consumers Price Index for agricultural workers
d) National Income Deflation
Answer: a
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

National Income is:

a) Net National Product at market price
b) Net National Product at factor cost
c) Net Domestic Product at market price
d) Net Domestic Product at factor cost
Answer: b
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

In India, rural incomes are generally lower than the urban incomes. Which of the following reasons account for this?
 1. A large number of farmers are illiterate and know little about scientific agriculture
 2. Prices of primary products are lower than of manufactured products
 3. Investment in agriculture has been low when compared to investment in industry
 Select the correct answer by using the codes given below:
 Codes:
a) 1, 2 and 3
b) 1 and 3
c) 1 and 3
d) 2 and 3
Answer: d
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

1. Assertion (A): Though India’s national income has gone up several fold since 1947, there has been no marked improvement in the per capita income level.
 2. Reason (R): Sizeable proportion of the population of India is still living below the poverty line.
 In the context of the above two statements which one of the following is correct?
a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not a correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true
Answer: b
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

The main reason for low growth rate in India, in spite of high rate of savings and capital formation is:

a) high birth rate
b) low level of foreign [investment] (incomplete)
c) low capital output ratio
d) high capital output ratio
Answer: d
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

1. To know whether the rich are getting richer and the poor getting poorer, it is necessary to compare
a) the wholesale price index over different periods of time for different regions
b) the distribution of income of an identical set of income recipients in different periods of time
c) the distribution of income of different sets of income recipients at a point of time
d) the availability of food grains among two sets of people, one rich and the other poor, over different periods of time
Answer: b
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Which of the following are the main causes of slow rate of growth of per capita income in India?
 1. I. High capital output ratio
 2. II. High rate of growth of population
 3. III. High rate of capital formation
 4. IV. High level of fiscal deficits
 Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
 Codes:
a) I, II, III and IV
b) II, III and IV
c) I and IV
d) I and II
Answer: d
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

A zero rate of Inflation obtains necessarily in a year where the annual rate of inflation:

a) in every week of the year is zero
b) is falling in every week
c) is both falling and rising
d) is constant in every week
Answer: c
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

As the GNP (Gross National Product) of a nation increases, the share of the tertiary sector

a) Decreases
b) Increases
c) Remains same
d) None of the above
Answer: b
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

A deflator is a technique of

a) Adjusting for changes in price level
b) Adjusting for change in commodity
c) Accounting for decline of-GNP
d) Accounting for higher increase of GNP
Answer: a
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

1. The data collection for national income estimation in India is done by

a) National Sample Survey Organisation
b) Finance Ministry of Govt.
c) Central Statistical Institute
d) Indian Statistical Institute
Answer: a
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Who among the following is most benefitted from inflation?
a) Creditors
b) Debtors
c) Savings bank account holders
d) Government pensioners
Answer: b
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Assume that the consumer price index (1970 = 100) is at present 500. This means that:
a) Prices of all goods and commodities have increased five times.
b) Prices of all consumer goods have increased five times.
c) Prices of all items in a specified list have increased by 400%.
d) Prices have increased and the weighted mean price increase for specified items is 400%.
Answer: d
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Which of the following countries has highest per capita income?
 1.
 2.
 3.
 4.
a) U.S.A.
b) Saudi Arabia
c) Denmark
d) Kuwait
Answer: a
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Which of the following is the correct ascending order of contribution to domestic savings?

a) Household sector, Corporate sector, Private sector, Public enterprises
b) Corporate sector, Household sector, Public enterprises, Government and Public enterprises
c) Government and Public enterprises, Public enterprises, Household sector, Corporate sector
d) Public enterprises, Corporate sector, Government and Public enterprises, Household sector.
Answer: d
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Standard of living of a nation can be judged by

a) Increase in GNP at factor cost
b) Increase in GNP at cost including taxes and duties
c) Increase in NNP at factor cost
d) None of the above
Answer: a
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Which of the following pairs is/are incorrect?
 I: Consumer Price Index – Inflation
 II: Export concessions - Fiscal policy
 III: Imposition of taxes - Economic planning
 IV: Income - Standard of living
 V: Deficit budgeting - Inflation
a) I and V
b) II and III
c) III and V
d) None of (a), (b) and (c) is a correct answer
Answer: c
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

1. Stagflation refers
a) Constant rate of inflation
b) Low inflation with high recession
c) High inflation with low recession
d) Stagnation and inflation
Answer: d
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Price rise goes in favor of those who are

a) Debtors
b) Pensioners
c) Businessmen
d) Government servants
Answer: a
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

In India, the computation of national income is often difficult because of:

a) Large population growth
b) Very low per capita income
c) Very little domestic savings
d) Non-cooperation of the private sector
Answer: d
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

What is the main source of India’s national income?
a) Agriculture
b) Industry
c) Forestry
d) None of these
Answer: d
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Cause of inflation is

a) Increase in money supply
b) Fall in production
c) Increase in money supply and fall in production
d) None of the above
Answer: c
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

What is the likely impact of decrease of population on economy?
a) Increase in per capita income
b) Decrease in per capita income
c) Increase in investment
d) Decrease in savings
Answer: a
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Sudden decrease of birth rate would cause:
a) Increase in investment
b) Increase of savings
c) Increase in per capita income
d) Increase in production
Answer: c
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Q . NATIONAL INCOME, INFLATION AND GDP

Consumer welfare is indicated by:
a) Savings
b) Disposable income
c) Expenditure
d) None of the above
Answer: d
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