Q . Later Mughals
Who among the following rulers of medieval Gujarat surrendered Diu to Portuguese?
a)
Ahmad Shah
b)
Mahmud Begarha
c)
Bahadur Shah
d)
Muhammad Shah
Answer:
c
- Bahadur Shah I, ruled Gujarat from 1526 to 1537. He is known for surrendering the important port of Diu to the Portuguese in 1534.
- Nino da Cunha changed the capital of the Portuguese colony from Cochin to Goa in 1530. This event had significant consequences for the Portuguese presence in the Indian Ocean region.
Q . Later Mughals
With reference to Indian history, which of the following statements is/are correct? 1.The Nizamat of Arcot emerged out of Hyderabad State. 2. The Mysore Kingdom emerged out of Vijaynagara Empire. 3. Rohilkhand Kingdom was formed out of the territories occupied by Ahmad Shah Durrani. Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
a)
1 and 2
b)
2 Only
c)
2 and 3
d)
3 Only
Answer:
b
1. Correct Answer: Option B: 2 Only
2. Explain the logic:
● Statement 1: The Nizamat of Arcot did not emerge out of Hyderabad State. It was established as a separate entity by the Nawabs of the Carnatic, who were initially under the Mughal Empire and later became semi-independent.
● Statement 2: The Mysore Kingdom did emerge out of the Vijayanagara Empire. After the decline of the Vijayanagara Empire in the 16th century, several successor states emerged, including Mysore.
● Statement 3: The Rohilkhand Kingdom was not formed out of territories occupied by Ahmad Shah Durrani. It was established by the Rohilla Afghans in the 18th century in the northern part of India, primarily in the region of present-day Uttar Pradesh.
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2. Explain the logic:
● Statement 1: The Nizamat of Arcot did not emerge out of Hyderabad State. It was established as a separate entity by the Nawabs of the Carnatic, who were initially under the Mughal Empire and later became semi-independent.
● Statement 2: The Mysore Kingdom did emerge out of the Vijayanagara Empire. After the decline of the Vijayanagara Empire in the 16th century, several successor states emerged, including Mysore.
● Statement 3: The Rohilkhand Kingdom was not formed out of territories occupied by Ahmad Shah Durrani. It was established by the Rohilla Afghans in the 18th century in the northern part of India, primarily in the region of present-day Uttar Pradesh.
Q . Later Mughals
What was the immediate reason for Ahmad Shah Abdali to invade India and fight the Third Battle of Panipat?
a)
He wanted to avenge the expulsion by Marathas of his viceroy Timur Shah from Lahore
b)
The frustrated governor of Jullundhar Adina Beg Khan invited him to invade Punjab
c)
He wanted to punish Mughal administration for non-payment of the revenues of the Chahar Mahal (Gujarat, Aurangabad, Sialkot and Pasrur)
d)
He wanted to annex all the fertile plains of Punjab up to the borders of Delhi to his kingdom
Answer:
a
- Ahmad Shāh Durrānī, also known as Ahmad Shāh Abdālī was the founder of the Durrani Empire and is regarded as the founder of the modern Afghanistan.
- In July 1747, Ahmad Shah was appointed as King of the Afghans by a loya jirga in Kandahar, where he set up his capital.
- Primarily with the support of the Pashtun tribes, Ahmad Shah pushed east towards the Mughal and Maratha Empires of India, west towards the disintegrating Afsharid Empire of Iran, and north towards the Khanate of Bukhara of Turkestan
- Within a few years, he extended his control from Khorasan in the west to North India in the east, and from the Amu Darya in the north to the Arabian Sea in the south.
- Soon after accession, Ahmad Shah adopted the epithet Shāh Durr-i-Durrān, "King, Pearl of Pearls", and changed the name of his Abdali tribe to "Durrani" after himself.
- The Tomb of Ahmad Shah Durrani is located in the center of Kandahar, adjacent to Kirka Sharif (Shrine of the Cloak), which contains a cloak believed to have been worn by the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
- Afghans often refer to Ahmad Shah as Ahmad Shāh Bābā, "Ahmad Shah the Father."
Q . Later Mughals
The ruler of which one of the following States was removed from power by the British on the pretext of misgovernance?
a)
Awadh
b)
Jhansi
c)
Nagpur
d)
Satara
Answer:
a
1. Correct Answer: Option A: Awadh
2. Explain the logic:
● Awadh: The British removed the ruler of Awadh, Wajid Ali Shah, in 1856 on the pretext of misgovernance. The British accused him of maladministration and annexed the state under the policy of Doctrine of Lapse and alleged misrule.
● Jhansi: The annexation of Jhansi was not due to misgovernance but because of the Doctrine of Lapse, as the British did not recognize the adopted son of Rani Lakshmibai as the legitimate heir.
● Nagpur: Similar to Jhansi, Nagpur was annexed under the Doctrine of Lapse after the death of its ruler without a direct heir.
● Satara: Satara was also annexed under the Doctrine of Lapse in 1848 when its ruler died without a natural heir.
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2. Explain the logic:
● Awadh: The British removed the ruler of Awadh, Wajid Ali Shah, in 1856 on the pretext of misgovernance. The British accused him of maladministration and annexed the state under the policy of Doctrine of Lapse and alleged misrule.
● Jhansi: The annexation of Jhansi was not due to misgovernance but because of the Doctrine of Lapse, as the British did not recognize the adopted son of Rani Lakshmibai as the legitimate heir.
● Nagpur: Similar to Jhansi, Nagpur was annexed under the Doctrine of Lapse after the death of its ruler without a direct heir.
● Satara: Satara was also annexed under the Doctrine of Lapse in 1848 when its ruler died without a natural heir.
Q . Later Mughals
Which one of the following is the correct chronological order of the battles fought in India in the 18th Century?
a)
Battle of Wandiwash – Battle of Buxar – Battle of Ambur – Battle of Plassey
b)
Battle of Ambur – Battle of Plassey – Battle of Wandiwash – Battle of Buxar
c)
Battle of Wandiwash – Battle of Plassey – Battle of Ambur – Battle of Buxar
d)
Battle of Ambur – Battle of Buxar – Battle of Wandiwash – Battle of Plassey
Answer:
b
1. Correct Answer: Option B: Battle of Ambur – Battle of Plassey – Battle of Wandiwash – Battle of Buxar
2. Explain the Logic:
● Battle of Ambur (1749): This battle was part of the Carnatic Wars and was fought between the forces of Anwaruddin Muhammed Khan and the combined forces of Chanda Sahib and the French.
● Battle of Plassey (1757): This decisive battle was fought between the British East India Company and the Nawab of Bengal, Siraj-ud-Daulah, marking the beginning of British rule in India.
● Battle of Wandiwash (1760): This battle was part of the Third Carnatic War and was fought between the British and the French, leading to British dominance in India.
● Battle of Buxar (1764): This battle was fought between the British East India Company and the combined forces of the Nawab of Bengal, the Nawab of Awadh, and the Mughal Emperor, further consolidating British power in India.
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2. Explain the Logic:
● Battle of Ambur (1749): This battle was part of the Carnatic Wars and was fought between the forces of Anwaruddin Muhammed Khan and the combined forces of Chanda Sahib and the French.
● Battle of Plassey (1757): This decisive battle was fought between the British East India Company and the Nawab of Bengal, Siraj-ud-Daulah, marking the beginning of British rule in India.
● Battle of Wandiwash (1760): This battle was part of the Third Carnatic War and was fought between the British and the French, leading to British dominance in India.
● Battle of Buxar (1764): This battle was fought between the British East India Company and the combined forces of the Nawab of Bengal, the Nawab of Awadh, and the Mughal Emperor, further consolidating British power in India.
Q . Later Mughals
Consider the following statements: 1. In the Third Battle of Panipat, Ahmed Shah Abdali defeated Ibrahim Lodi. 2. Tipu Sultan was killed in the Third Anglo-Mysore War. 3. Mir Jafar entered in a conspiracy with the English for the defeat of Nawab Siraj-ud-daulah in the Battle of Plassey. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a)
1, 2 and 3
b)
3 only
c)
2 and 3
d)
None
Answer:
b
● Statement 1 is incorrect: It was 1st battle of Panipat in which Ibrahim Lodi was defeated not by Ahmed shah Abdali but Babur who laid the foundation for Mughal dynasty in India. Ahmed Shah Abdali fought 3rd Battle of Panipat with Marathas in 1761.
● Statement 2 is incorrect: Tipu Sultan was not killed in 3rd Anglo-Mysore war but 4th Anglo Mysore war. 3rd Anglo Mysore war laid to the conclusion of Treaty of Sringeripatnam in which Tipu was defeated but not killed
● Statement 3 is correct: Popular discontent against the Nawab flourished in his own court. The Seths, the traders of Bengal, were in perpetual fear for their wealth under the reign of Siraj, contrary to the situation under Alivardi's reign. The conspirators included Mir Jafar, paymaster of the army, Rai Durlabh, Yar Lutuf Khan and Omichund, a merchant and several officers in the army.
Q . Later Mughals
Which of the following pairs are correctly matched? List-I (Period) : List-II (War) 1. AD 1767-69 : First Anglo-Maratha War 2. AD 1790-92 : Third Mysore War 3. AD 1824-26 : First Anglo-Burmese War 4. AD 1845-46 : Second Sikh War Select the correct answer using the codes given below: Codes:
a)
2 and 4
b)
3 and 4
c)
1 and 2
d)
2 and 3
Answer:
d
1. Correct Answer: Option D: 2 and 3
2. Explain the logic:
● Statement 1: AD 1767-69 is incorrectly matched with the First Anglo-Maratha War. The First Anglo-Maratha War actually took place from 1775 to 1782.
● Statement 2: AD 1790-92 is correctly matched with the Third Mysore War. This war was fought between the British East India Company and the Kingdom of Mysore under Tipu Sultan.
● Statement 3: AD 1824-26 is correctly matched with the First Anglo-Burmese War. This was the first of three wars fought between the British and Burmese empires.
● Statement 4: AD 1845-46 is incorrectly matched with the Second Sikh War. The Second Sikh War occurred in 1848-49. The period 1845-46 corresponds to the First Sikh War.
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2. Explain the logic:
● Statement 1: AD 1767-69 is incorrectly matched with the First Anglo-Maratha War. The First Anglo-Maratha War actually took place from 1775 to 1782.
● Statement 2: AD 1790-92 is correctly matched with the Third Mysore War. This war was fought between the British East India Company and the Kingdom of Mysore under Tipu Sultan.
● Statement 3: AD 1824-26 is correctly matched with the First Anglo-Burmese War. This was the first of three wars fought between the British and Burmese empires.
● Statement 4: AD 1845-46 is incorrectly matched with the Second Sikh War. The Second Sikh War occurred in 1848-49. The period 1845-46 corresponds to the First Sikh War.
Q . Later Mughals
Which one of the following statements is NOT correct?
a)
Ali Mardan Khan introduced the system of revenue farming in Bengal.
b)
Maharaja Ranjit Singh set up modern foundries to manufacture cannons at Lahore.
c)
Sawai Jai Singh of Amber had Euclid’s ‘Elements of Geometry’ translated into Sanskrit.
d)
Sultan Tipu of Mysore gave money for the construction of the idol of Goddess Sarda in the Shringeri temple.
Answer:
a
1. Correct Answer: Option A: Ali Mardan Khan introduced the system of revenue farming in Bengal.
2. Explain the logic:
● Option A: Ali Mardan Khan was a Mughal noble, but he did not introduce the system of revenue farming in Bengal. This system was introduced by the British during their rule.
● Option B: Maharaja Ranjit Singh indeed set up modern foundries to manufacture cannons at Lahore, contributing to the military strength of the Sikh Empire.
● Option C: Sawai Jai Singh of Amber was a patron of sciences and had Euclid’s ‘Elements of Geometry’ translated into Sanskrit, reflecting his interest in mathematics and astronomy.
● Option D: Sultan Tipu of Mysore is known for his patronage of various religious institutions, including giving money for the construction of the idol of Goddess Sarda in the Shringeri temple.
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2. Explain the logic:
● Option A: Ali Mardan Khan was a Mughal noble, but he did not introduce the system of revenue farming in Bengal. This system was introduced by the British during their rule.
● Option B: Maharaja Ranjit Singh indeed set up modern foundries to manufacture cannons at Lahore, contributing to the military strength of the Sikh Empire.
● Option C: Sawai Jai Singh of Amber was a patron of sciences and had Euclid’s ‘Elements of Geometry’ translated into Sanskrit, reflecting his interest in mathematics and astronomy.
● Option D: Sultan Tipu of Mysore is known for his patronage of various religious institutions, including giving money for the construction of the idol of Goddess Sarda in the Shringeri temple.
Q . Later Mughals
A: Shah Alam II spent the initial years as an Emperor outside Delhi. R: There was always a lurking danger of foreign invasion from the north-west frontier.
a)
Both A and R are individually true but R is the correct explanation of A.
b)
Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c)
A is true but R is false
d)
A is false but R is true
Answer:
c
● Shah Alam II spent the initial years as an emperor away from his capital due to the fear of Najib Khan Rohilla who became very powerful in Delhi and not due to foreign invasions.
Q . Later Mughals
How did the Mughal emperor Jahandar Shah’s reign come to an early end?
a)
He was deposed by his Wazir.
b)
He died due to slip while climbing down steps.
c)
He was defeated by his nephew in a battle.
d)
He died of sickness due to too much consumption of wine.
Answer:
c
1. Correct Answer: Option C: He was defeated by his nephew in a battle.
2. Explain the logic:
● Option A: Jahandar Shah was not deposed by his Wazir. His downfall was not due to internal political maneuvering by his minister.
● Option B: There is no historical record indicating that Jahandar Shah died due to a slip while climbing down steps.
● Option C: Jahandar Shah's reign came to an early end when he was defeated by his nephew, Farrukhsiyar, in the Battle of Agra in 1713. This battle was pivotal in ending his short rule.
● Option D: Although Jahandar Shah was known for his indulgent lifestyle, his death was not directly attributed to sickness from excessive wine consumption.
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2. Explain the logic:
● Option A: Jahandar Shah was not deposed by his Wazir. His downfall was not due to internal political maneuvering by his minister.
● Option B: There is no historical record indicating that Jahandar Shah died due to a slip while climbing down steps.
● Option C: Jahandar Shah's reign came to an early end when he was defeated by his nephew, Farrukhsiyar, in the Battle of Agra in 1713. This battle was pivotal in ending his short rule.
● Option D: Although Jahandar Shah was known for his indulgent lifestyle, his death was not directly attributed to sickness from excessive wine consumption.
Q . Later Mughals
Who among the following Indian rulers established embassies in foreign countries on modern lines?
a)
Haider Ali
b)
Mir Qasim
c)
Shah Alam II
d)
Tipu Sultan
Answer:
d
1. Correct Answer: Option D: Tipu Sultan
2. Explain the logic:
● Option A: Haider Ali: He was the father of Tipu Sultan and the Sultan of Mysore. While he was a significant military leader, there is no historical evidence that he established embassies in foreign countries on modern lines.
● Option B: Mir Qasim: He was the Nawab of Bengal, known for his conflicts with the British East India Company. He did not establish embassies abroad.
● Option C: Shah Alam II: He was a Mughal Emperor who faced significant challenges during his reign, including the decline of the Mughal Empire. He did not establish foreign embassies.
● Option D: Tipu Sultan: He was the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore and is known for his diplomatic efforts, including establishing embassies in foreign countries on modern lines. He sought alliances with foreign powers to counter British influence, making him the correct answer.
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2. Explain the logic:
● Option A: Haider Ali: He was the father of Tipu Sultan and the Sultan of Mysore. While he was a significant military leader, there is no historical evidence that he established embassies in foreign countries on modern lines.
● Option B: Mir Qasim: He was the Nawab of Bengal, known for his conflicts with the British East India Company. He did not establish embassies abroad.
● Option C: Shah Alam II: He was a Mughal Emperor who faced significant challenges during his reign, including the decline of the Mughal Empire. He did not establish foreign embassies.
● Option D: Tipu Sultan: He was the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore and is known for his diplomatic efforts, including establishing embassies in foreign countries on modern lines. He sought alliances with foreign powers to counter British influence, making him the correct answer.
Q . Later Mughals
Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
a)
Jahangir : William Hawkins
b)
Akbar : Sir Thomas Roe
c)
Shahjahan : Travernier
d)
Aurangzeb : Manucci
Answer:
b
1. Correct Answer: Option B: Akbar : Sir Thomas Roe
2. Explain the Logic:
● Option A: Jahangir : William Hawkins: This pair is correctly matched. William Hawkins was an English envoy who visited the court of Emperor Jahangir in the early 17th century.
● Option B: Akbar : Sir Thomas Roe: This pair is not correctly matched. Sir Thomas Roe was an English diplomat who visited the court of Emperor Jahangir, not Akbar, in the early 17th century. Akbar reigned before Roe's time.
● Option C: Shahjahan : Travernier: This pair is correctly matched. Jean-Baptiste Tavernier was a French traveler who visited the court of Emperor Shahjahan and documented his experiences.
● Option D: Aurangzeb : Manucci: This pair is correctly matched. Niccolao Manucci was an Italian traveler who spent time in India during the reign of Emperor Aurangzeb and wrote about his experiences.
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2. Explain the Logic:
● Option A: Jahangir : William Hawkins: This pair is correctly matched. William Hawkins was an English envoy who visited the court of Emperor Jahangir in the early 17th century.
● Option B: Akbar : Sir Thomas Roe: This pair is not correctly matched. Sir Thomas Roe was an English diplomat who visited the court of Emperor Jahangir, not Akbar, in the early 17th century. Akbar reigned before Roe's time.
● Option C: Shahjahan : Travernier: This pair is correctly matched. Jean-Baptiste Tavernier was a French traveler who visited the court of Emperor Shahjahan and documented his experiences.
● Option D: Aurangzeb : Manucci: This pair is correctly matched. Niccolao Manucci was an Italian traveler who spent time in India during the reign of Emperor Aurangzeb and wrote about his experiences.
Q . Later Mughals
The capital of the kingdom of Maharaja Ranjit Singh was
a)
Amritsar
b)
Patiala
c)
Lahore
d)
Kapurthala
Answer:
c
1. Correct Answer: Option C: Lahore
2. Explain the Logic:
● Lahore: Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the founder of the Sikh Empire, established Lahore as his capital. It was a strategic and cultural center, making it an ideal choice for the capital of his kingdom. Lahore served as the political and administrative hub during his reign.
● Amritsar: While Amritsar is a significant city in Sikh history, known for the Golden Temple, it was not the capital of Maharaja Ranjit Singh's kingdom.
● Patiala: This city was part of the Phulkian States and not under the direct rule of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. It was not his capital.
● Kapurthala: Similar to Patiala, Kapurthala was a princely state and not the capital of Maharaja Ranjit Singh's empire.
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2. Explain the Logic:
● Lahore: Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the founder of the Sikh Empire, established Lahore as his capital. It was a strategic and cultural center, making it an ideal choice for the capital of his kingdom. Lahore served as the political and administrative hub during his reign.
● Amritsar: While Amritsar is a significant city in Sikh history, known for the Golden Temple, it was not the capital of Maharaja Ranjit Singh's kingdom.
● Patiala: This city was part of the Phulkian States and not under the direct rule of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. It was not his capital.
● Kapurthala: Similar to Patiala, Kapurthala was a princely state and not the capital of Maharaja Ranjit Singh's empire.
Q . Later Mughals
Who among the following led the Sepoys at Kanpur in the 1857 uprising?
a)
Tantia Tope
b)
Laxmibai
c)
Nana Sahib
d)
Kunwar Singh
Answer:
c
1. Correct Answer: Option C: Nana Sahib
2. Explain the Logic:
● Nana Sahib: He was a prominent leader during the 1857 uprising and played a crucial role in leading the Sepoys at Kanpur. Nana Sahib was a key figure in the rebellion against British rule, and his leadership at Kanpur was significant in the early stages of the revolt.
● Tantia Tope: Although a notable leader in the 1857 uprising, Tantia Tope was more active in regions like Gwalior and Central India, not specifically in Kanpur.
● Laxmibai: Known as the Rani of Jhansi, she was a prominent leader in the rebellion but was primarily associated with the defense of Jhansi, not Kanpur.
● Kunwar Singh: He was a leader in the 1857 uprising, but his activities were mainly centered in Bihar, not Kanpur.
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2. Explain the Logic:
● Nana Sahib: He was a prominent leader during the 1857 uprising and played a crucial role in leading the Sepoys at Kanpur. Nana Sahib was a key figure in the rebellion against British rule, and his leadership at Kanpur was significant in the early stages of the revolt.
● Tantia Tope: Although a notable leader in the 1857 uprising, Tantia Tope was more active in regions like Gwalior and Central India, not specifically in Kanpur.
● Laxmibai: Known as the Rani of Jhansi, she was a prominent leader in the rebellion but was primarily associated with the defense of Jhansi, not Kanpur.
● Kunwar Singh: He was a leader in the 1857 uprising, but his activities were mainly centered in Bihar, not Kanpur.
Q . Later Mughals
What is the correct order of the following? A. First Battle of Panipat B. Second Battle of Tarain C. Establishment of East India Company
a)
B, A, C
b)
A, B, C
c)
C, A, B
d)
C, B, A
Answer:
a