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    • Data Interpretation Fundamentals

      • A pie chart gives the expenditure on five different items A, B, C, D and E in a household. If B, C, D and E correspond to 90°, 50°, 45° and 75° respectively, then what is the percentage of expenditure on item A?

      • A pie diagram shows the percentage distribution of proteins, water and other dry elements in the human body. Given that proteins correspond to 16% and water corresponds to 70%. If both proteins and the other dry elements correspond to p%, then what is the central angle of the sector representing p on the pie diagram?

      • Consider the following data:

        year Birthrate Death rate
        1911-1921 48.1 35.5
        1921-1931 46.4 36.3
        1931-1941 45.2 31.2
        1941-1951 39.9 27.4
        1951-1961 41.7 22.8
        1961-1971 41.1 18.9
        1971-1981 37.1 14.8

        For which period was the natural growth rate maximum?

      • By how much (measured in thousands of tons) did the import of sheet steel exceed the import of coil steel in the first three months of the year?

      • What was the approximate total value (in $) of sheet steel imported over the six months period?

      • What was the approximate ratio of sheet steel and scrap steel imports in the first three months of the year?

      • Consider the following graph:

        Which one of the following statements is not correct with reference to the graph given above?

      • Looking at the graph, it can be inferred that from 1990 to 2010

      • With reference to the above graph, consider the following statements considering 1970 as base year:
         1. Population has stabilized after 35 years.
         2. Population growth rate has stabilized after 35 years.
         3. Death rate has fallen by 10% in the first 10 years.
         4. Birthrate has stabilized after 35 years.
         Which of the above are the most logical and rational statements that can be made from above graph?

      • Average hourly earnings per year (E) of the workers in a firm are represented in figures A and B as follows: From the figures, it is observed that the

      • Consider the following figures A and B:

        The manufacturing cost and projected sales for a product are shown in the above figures A and B respectively. What is the minimum number of pieces that should be manufactured to avoid a loss?

      • Consider the following graphs. The curves in the graphs indicate different age groups in the populations of two countries A and B over a period of few decades: With reference to the above graphs, which of the following are the most logical and rational inferences that can be made?
         1. Over the last two and a half decades, the dependency ratio for country B has decreased.
         2. By the end of next two and a half decades, the dependency ratio of country A will be much less than that of country B
         3. In the next two decades, the work-force relative to its total population will increase in country B as compared to country A.
         Select the correct answer using the code given below.

      • The graph given below indicates the changes in key policy rates made by the Central Bank several times in a year: Which one of the following can be the most likely reason for the Central Bank for such an action?

      • With reference to the above table, which of the following is/are the most logical and rational inference/inferences that can be made?
         1. Higher per capita income is generally associated with higher Teledensity.
         2. Higher GDP growth rate always ensures higher per capita income.
         3. Higher GDP growth rate does not necessarily ensure higher Teledensity.
         Select the correct answer using the code given below.

      • With reference to the above table, the following assumptions have been made:
         1. Nowadays, prosperity of an already high performing State cannot be sustained without making further large investments in its telecom infrastructure.
         2. Nowadays, a very high Tele-density is the most essential condition for promoting the business and economic growth in a State.
         Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?

      • With reference to the above graph, which of the following is/are the most logical and rational inference/inferences that can be made?
          1. During the given period, the revenue from Direct Taxes as percentage of gross tax revenue has increased while that of Indirect Taxes decreased.
          2. The trend in the revenue from Excise Duty demonstrates that the growth of manufacturing sector has been negative during the given period.
         Select the correct answer using the code given below.

      • Examine the following statements:
         1. All colours are pleasant.
         2. Some colours are pleasant.
         3. No colour is pleasant.
         4. Some colours are not pleasant.
         Given that statement 4 is true, what can be definitely concluded?

      • The graph below depicts the earnings of A and B over the period 2000 to 2010: From the graph, which one of the following can be concluded?

      • Year-wise variation of the price of a certain commodity is shown in the following graph:

        The price of the commodity in the year 1990

      • The proportion of expenditure on various items by two families A and B are represented in the following Bar Charts:

        From these charts, we can conclude that

      • In which year is the average profit of A and B same?

      • What is the difference between the average profit of B and A in the year 1998?

      • How much more average profit did A make in the year 2000 than in the year 1999?

      • What is the trend of the average profit of B from the year 1997 to the year 2000?

      • The following table shows the marks obtained by two students in different subjects:

         

        Studen A

        Maximum Marks

        Student B

        Maximum Marks

        English

        60

        100

        80

        150

        Psychology

        70

        100

        70

        100

        History

        50

        100

        60

        100

        Sanskrit

        30

        50

        15

        25

        The difference in the mean aggregate percentage marks of the students is

      • following table gives population and total income of a city for four years:

        Year

        1992

        1993

        1994

        1995

        Population in lakhs

        20

        21

        22

        23

        Income in crores (₹)

        1010

        1111

        1225

        1345

        Which one of the following statements is correct in respect of the above data?

      • How many Physics professors belong to the age group 35-44?

      • Which one of the following disciplines has the highest ratio of males to females?

      • What percentage of all Psychology professors are females?

      • If the number of female Physics professors in the age group 25-34 equals 25% of all the Physics professors in that age group, then what is the number of male Physics professors in the age group 25-34?

      • If the Psychology professors in the University constitute 2% of all the professors in the University, then what is the number of professors in the University?

      • The following figure has four curves namely A, B, C and D. Study the figure and answer the item that follows. 

        Which curve indicates the exponential growth?

      • Which of the two towns has a higher number of persons with Diabetes?

      • What can we say about persons with more than one disease from these graphs?

      • Which region/regions of the correspond/corresponds to incubation phase of the infection?

      • Which region of the curve indicates that the person began showing the symptoms of infection?

      • Which region of the curve indicates that the treatment yielded effective relief?

    • Data Sufficiency
    • Tables and Tabular Data
    • Charts and Graphs (Bar, Line, Pie, Histogram)
    • Caselet and Case Study
    • Frequency Distribution
    • Data Presentation
  2. PYQs and Practice Questions
  3. UPSC IAS (CSE)
  4. UPSC Prelims
  5. Data Interpretation
  6. Data Presentation
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