What do you understand by probity in governance? Based on your understanding of the term, suggest measures for ensuring probity in government. (UPSC 2019, 10 Marks, )

शासन में सत्यनिष्ठा से आप क्या समझते हैं? इस शब्द की आपकी समझ के आधार पर, सरकार में सत्यनिष्ठा सुनिश्चित करने के उपाय सुझाएं

Introduction

Probity in governance refers to the ethical and honest behavior of government officials and institutions in their conduct of public affairs. It encompasses integrity, transparency, accountability, and adherence to moral and legal principles.

Explanation

Measures for ensuring probity in government

1. Legislation and Regulatory Framework:

Establish comprehensive laws and regulations defining ethical standards and anti-corruption measures.

Example: Foreign Corrupt Practices Act in the US

2. Transparent and Accountable Systems:

Implement mechanisms for transparency and accountability in government operations.

Example: Open Budget Initiative

3. Strengthening Institutions:

Establish independent institutions to investigate and prosecute corruption cases.

Example: Independent Commission Against Corruption in Hong Kong.

4. Code of Conduct and Ethics:

Develop and enforce a comprehensive code of conduct for public officials.

Example: Australian Public Service Commission.

5. Whistleblower Protection:

Create mechanisms to protect whistleblowers reporting misconduct.

Example: Whistleblower Protection Act in India.

6. Public Participation and Engagement:

Promote citizen engagement in decision-making processes.

Example: Open Government Partnership

7. Independent Media and Civil Society:

Support independent media and civil society organizations to hold the government accountable.

Example: Transparency International.