1. Correct Answer: Option D: _12 : 11_
 2. Explanation:
     Let's denote the basic pay of the first person as \( B_1 \) and the basic pay of the second person as \( B_2 \).
         ○ The first person receives allowances equal to 65% of his basic pay. Therefore, his total emoluments are:
       \[
       E_1 = B_1 + 0.65B_1 = 1.65B_1
       \]
         ○ The second person receives allowances equal to 80% of his basic pay. Therefore, his total emoluments are:
       \[
       E_2 = B_2 + 0.80B_2 = 1.80B_2
       \]
     Since the total emoluments of both persons are the same, we have:
     \[
     1.65B_1 = 1.80B_2
     \]
     To find the ratio of the basic pay of the former to the latter, we solve for \( \frac{B_1}{B_2} \):
     \[
     \frac{B_1}{B_2} = \frac{1.80}{1.65}
     \]
     Simplifying the fraction:
     \[
     \frac{B_1}{B_2} = \frac{180}{165}
     \]
     Reducing the fraction by dividing both the numerator and the denominator by their greatest common divisor, which is 15:
     \[
     \frac{B_1}{B_2} = \frac{180 \div 15}{165 \div 15} = \frac{12}{11}
     \]
     Therefore, the ratio of the basic pay of the former to the basic pay of the latter is 12 : 11.