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  • PYQs (GS & Optional)
  • (e) Muscles: Types, mechanism of contraction of skeletal muscles, effects of exercise on muscles.

    • Muscles: Types
      • Write an account on various types of muscles and their functions.
      • Describe the different types of human muscles and their properties.
      • Enlist and describe the types and mechanical properties of muscle fibres.
    • Mechanism of Contraction of Skeletal Muscles
      • Describe the ultrastructure of skeletal muscle and discuss the mechanism of muscular contraction.
      • Molecular mechanism of skeletal muscle contraction.
      • Draw a diagram to show the arrangements of various types of contractile proteins in skeletal muscles and explain the bioenergetics of contraction.
      • Explain with diagrams the molecular mechanism of contraction of skeletal muscles. Discuss the role of ions and bioenergetics in muscle contraction. Attribute the cause(s) for muscle cramps.
      • Describe the ultrastructure of 'Sarcomere' and explain the process of muscle contraction.
      • Describe the molecular mechanism of skeletal muscle contraction.
      • Enlist the sources of energy for muscle contraction. Describe the mechanism of contraction of skeletal muscle.
      • Briefly describe the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction.
      • Illustrate actin myosin sliding mechanism of muscle contraction and relaxation.
      • Explain the mechanism of contraction in skeletal muscle. What do you mean by Rheobase and Chronaxie?
    • Effects of Exercise on Muscles
      • Fatigue.
      • Explain with diagrams the molecular mechanism of contraction of skeletal muscles. Discuss the role of ions and bioenergetics in muscle contraction. Attribute the cause(s) for muscle cramps.
      • Comment on the source of energy during muscle contraction under normal and intensive exercise conditions.
  1. PYQs and Practice Questions
  2. UPSC Optionals
  3. Zoology Optional
  4. Physiology (with special reference to mammals)
  5. (e) Muscles: Types, mechanism of contraction of skeletal muscles, effects of exercise on muscles.
  6. Muscles: Types

Write an account on various types of muscles and their functions. (UPSC 2024, 15 Marks, )

विभिन्न प्रकार की मांसपेशियों और उनके कार्यों पर एक लेख लिखें। (Write an account on various types of muscles and their functions.)
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Introduction
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Describe the different types of human muscles and their properties. (UPSC 2017, 20 Marks, )

मानव मांसपेशियों के विभिन्न प्रकारों और उनके गुणों का वर्णन करें। (Describe the different types of human muscles and their properties.)
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Introduction
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Enlist and describe the types and mechanical properties of muscle fibres. (UPSC 2019, 15 Marks, )

मांसपेशी तंतुओं के प्रकार और यांत्रिक गुणों को सूचीबद्ध करें और वर्णन करें। (Enlist and describe the types and mechanical properties of muscle fibres.)
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Introduction
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