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  • PYQs (GS & Optional)
  • THINKERS

    • Theory of justice and punishment
      • Analyze John Rawls’s concept of social justice in the Indian context.
      • The soul of the new law, Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) is Justice, Equality and Impartiality based on Indian culture and ethos. Discuss this in the light of major shift from a doctrine of punishment to justice in the present judicial system.
      • "The concept of Just and Unjust is contextual. What was just a year back, may turn out to be unjust in today's context. Changing context should be constantly under scrutiny to prevent miscarriage of justice." Examine the above statement with suitable examples.
    • Deontological Ethics (Ends and means) Deontological
      • “Human beings should always be treated as ‘ends’ in themselves and never as merely ‘means’.” Explain the meaning and significance of this statement, giving its implications in the modern techno-economic society.
      • With regards to morality of actions, one view is that means are of paramount importance and the other view is that the ends justify the means. Which view do you think is more appropriate? Justify your answer.
      • What does this quotation convey to you in the present context? "In law, a man is guilty when he violates the rights of others. In ethics, he is guilty if he only thinks of doing so." - Immanuel Kant
    • “The good of an individual is contained in the good of all.” What do you understand by this statement? How can this principle be implemented in public life?
    • Indian Thinkers
      • What does the following quotation mean to you in the present context? “Falsehood takes the place of truth when it results in unblemished common good.” – Tirukkural
      • What teachings of Buddha are most relevant today and why? Discuss.
      • What were the major teachings of Guru Nanak? Explain their relevance in the contemporary world.
      • "To awaken the people, it is the women who must be awakened. Once she is on the move, the family moves, the village moves, the nation moves." — Jawaharlal Nehru. What does this quotation convey to you in the present context?
      • What does this quotation convey to you in the present context? "Faith is of no avail in the absence of strength. Faith and strength, both are essential to accomplish any great work." – Sardar Patel
      • What are the major teachings of Mahavir? Explain their relevance in the contemporary world.
      • What does this quotation convey to you in the present context? "Those who in trouble untroubled are, Will trouble trouble itself." – Thiruvalluvar
    • Indian Thinkers: kalam
      • What does the following quotation mean to you? “Where there is righteousness in the heart, there is beauty in the character. When there is beauty in the character, there is harmony in the home. When there is harmony in the home, there is order in the nation. When there is order in the nation, there is peace in the world.” – A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
      • “If a country is to be corruption free and become a nation of beautiful minds, I strongly feel there are three key societal members who can make a difference, they are father, the mother, and the teacher.” - A.P.J. Abdul Kalam. Analyse.
      • “If a country is to be corruption free and become a nation of beautiful minds, I strongly feel that there are three key societal members who can make a difference. They are father, mother and teacher.” —A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
    • Indian Thinkers: Swami Vivekanand
      • What does the following quotation mean to you? “Condemn none: if you can stretch out a helping hand, do so. If not, fold your hands, bless your brothers, and let them go their own way.” — Swami Vivekananda
      • “Every work has got to pass through hundreds of difficulties before succeeding. Those that persevere will see the light, sooner or later.” — Swami Vivekananda
      • "Do not hate anybody, because that hatred that comes out from you must, in the long run, come back to you. If you love, that love will come back to you, completing the circle." — Swami Vivekananda. What does this quotation convey to you in the present context?
      • What does this quotation convey to you in the present context? "Learn everything that is good from others, but bring it in, and in your own way absorb it, do not become others." — Swami Vivekananda
      • What does this quotation convey to you in the present context? "The strength of a society is not in its laws, but in the morality of its people." — Swami Vivekananda
    • Inidan Thinkers: Gandhi Ji
      • “There is enough on this earth for everyone’s need but for no one’s greed.” – Mahatma Gandhi
      • Discuss Mahatma Gandhi’s concept of seven sins.
      • What does the following quotation mean to you? “A man is but the product of his thoughts. What he thinks, he becomes.” – M.K. Gandhi
      • What does the following quotation mean to you? “The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others.” — Mahatma Gandhi
      • “The simplest acts of kindness are by far more powerful than a thousand heads bowing in prayer.” — Mahatma Gandhi. What does this quotation convey to you in the present context?
    • Thinkers from the World
      • For the quotation, bring out what it means to you in the present context: “Nearly all men can withstand adversity, but if you want to test a man’s character, give him power.” – Abraham Lincoln
      • For the quotation, bring out what it means to you in the present context: “I count him braver who overcomes his desires than him who overcomes his enemies.” – Aristotle
      • Bring out what it means to you in the present context: “The weak can never forgive; forgiveness is the attribute of the strong.”
      • Bring out what it means to you in the present context: “We can easily forgive a child who is afraid of the dark; the real tragedy of life is when men are afraid of the light.”
      • What does the following quotation mean to you? “An unexamined life is not worth living.” – Socrates
      • What does the following quotation mean to you? “A system of morality which is based on relative emotional values is a mere illusion, a thoroughly vulgar conception which has nothing sound in it and nothing true.” — Socrates
      • “We can never obtain peace in the outer world until and unless we obtain peace within ourselves.” – Dalai Lama
      • “Life doesn’t make any sense without interdependence. We need each other, and the sooner we learn that, it is better for us all.” – Erik Erikson
      • What does the following quotation mean to you? “Judge your success by what you had to give up in order to get it."—Dalai Lama
      • What does this quotation convey to you in the present context? "In law, a man is guilty when he violates the rights of others. In ethics, he is guilty if he only thinks of doing so." - Immanuel Kant
  1. PYQs and Practice Questions
  2. UPSC IAS (CSE)
  3. UPSC Mains
  4. ETHICS, INTEGRITY, AND APTITUDE
  5. THINKERS
  6. Indian Thinkers: kalam

What does the following quotation mean to you? “Where there is righteousness in the heart, there is beauty in the character. When there is beauty in the character, there is harmony in the home. When there is harmony in the home, there is order in the nation. When there is order in the nation, there is peace in the world.” – A.P.J. Abdul Kalam (UPSC 2019, 10 Marks, )

1. जब हृदय में धर्म होता है, तो चरित्र में सुंदरता होती है 2. जब चरित्र में सुंदरता होती है, तो घर में सामंजस्य होता है 3. जब घर में सामंजस्य होता है, तो राष्ट्र में व्यवस्था होती है 4. जब राष्ट्र में व्यवस्था होती है, तो विश्व में शांति होती है
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Introduction
The quotation emphasizes the significance of personal virtues and their influence on various levels, ultimately contributing to peace and order on a global scale.
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“If a country is to be corruption free and become a nation of beautiful minds, I strongly feel there are three key societal members who can make a difference, they are father, the mother, and the teacher.” - A.P.J. Abdul Kalam. Analyse. (UPSC 2017, 10 Marks, )

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Introduction
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“If a country is to be corruption free and become a nation of beautiful minds, I strongly feel that there are three key societal members who can make a difference. They are father, mother and teacher.” —A.P.J. Abdul Kalam (UPSC 2022, 10 Marks, )

यदि कोई देश भ्रष्टाचार मुक्त होना है और सुंदर मनों का राष्ट्र बनना है, तो मैं दृढ़ता से महसूस करता हूँ कि तीन प्रमुख समाजिक सदस्य हैं जो अंतर ला सकते हैं। वे हैं पिता, माता और शिक्षक
View Answer

Introduction

Corruption-free societies and the development of beautiful minds are the aspirations of many nations around the world. Achieving this goal requires the collective efforts of key societal members who have the power to make a difference.

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